노배

Korean

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [no̞bɛ] ~ [no̞be̞]
  • Phonetic hangul: [/]
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?nobae
Revised Romanization (translit.)?nobae
McCune–Reischauer?nobae
Yale Romanization?nopay

Etymology 1

From Mandarin 蘿蔔萝卜 (luóbo). Seems to be a somewhat early borrowing predating the establishment of North Korean orthography in the 1950s, given the reflex of Mandarin /l-/ as Korean /n-/.

Noun

노배 • (nobae)

  1. (China, including Yanbian) Chinese varieties of daikon, which are stouter than Korean ones
  2. (China, including Yanbian) any daikon or radish
Synonyms
Historical and regional synonyms of (mu, radish)
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GroupRegionLocationWords
Standardised formsSouth Korean Standard Language ()
North Korean Cultured Language (), 무우 (muu)
Historical formsMiddle Korean무ᅀᅮ (mwùzwù) (isolation), 무ᇫㅇ (mwùzG-) (connective)
Early Modern Seoul Korean무우 (muu)
Central KoreanGyeonggiModern colloquial Seoul (mu)
Traditional Seoul ()
Kaesong무유 (muyu)
Changpung무유 (muyu)
Yeoncheon ()
Paju (), 무이 (mu'i)
Pocheon ()
Ganghwa무이 (mu'i)
Gimpo무유 (muyu)
Goyang (), 무유 (muyu)
Yangju ()
Gapyeong ()
Siheung ()
Yangpyeong ()
Hwaseong ()
Yongin ()
Icheon무우 (muu), 무수 (musu)
Yeoju ()
Pyeongtaek ()
Anseong무수 (musu)
YeongseoChuncheon (), 무우 (muu)
Wonju (), 무수 (musu)
Kosan (), 무꾸 (mukku)
Cheorwon ()
Hwacheon ()
Yanggu (), 무꾸 (mukku)
Inje (), 무우 (muu), 무꾸 (mukku), 무수 (musu)
Hongcheon (), 무꾸 (mukku), 무수 (musu)
Hoengseong (), 무꾸 (mukku), 무수 (musu)
YeongdongGangneung (mū́), 무우 (mùú), 무우 (mũ̀ú), 무이 (mùí), 무꾸 (mùkkú)
Wonsan (), 무꾸 (mukku)
Kumya ()
Kowon ()
Munchon ()
Anbyeon (), 무꾸 (mukku)
Tongchon ()
Kosong ()
Yangyang ()
Samcheok (mū́), 무꾸 (mùkkú)
Pyeongchang (), 무우 (muu), 무수 (musu), 무꾸 (mukku)
Yeongwol (mū́), 무수 (mùsú), 무꾸 (mùkkú)
Jeongseon무우 (muu), 무꾸 (mukku)
North ChungcheongCheongju무수 (musu), ()
Jincheon무수 (musu), ()
Eumseong무수 (musu), ()
Chungju무수 (musu), ()
Jecheon무수 (musu), (), 무우 (muu), 무꾸 (mukku)
Danyang무수 (musu), 무꾸 (mukku)
Goesan무수 (musu), ()
Boeun무수 (musu), 무우 (muu)
Okcheon무수 (musu), 무우 (muu)
Yeongdong무수 (musu), ()
South ChungcheongDaejeon무수 (musu), 무우 (muu)
Seosan무수 (musu), 무우 (muu)
Dangjin무수 (musu), 무우 (muu)
Asan무수 (musu), 무우 (muu)
Cheonan무수 (musu), (), 무우 (muu)
Yesan무수 (musu), 무우 (muu)
Hongseong무수 (musu), (), 무우 (muu)
Cheongyang무수 (musu)
Gongju무수 (musu)
Yeongi무수 (musu), ()
Boryeong무수 (musu), 무이 (mu'i)
Buyeo무수 (musu), ()
Seocheon무수 (musu), ()
Nonsan무수 (musu), 무우 (muu)
Geumsan무수 (musu), ()
South HwanghaeHaeju무유 (muyu)
Ongjin미우 (miu), ()
Yonan무이 (mu'i)
Taetan미우 (miu)
Chaeryong미우 (miu), 무이 (mu'i)
Changyon미우 (miu)
Anak미우 (miu)
Unnyul미우 (miu)
North HwanghaeHwangju (), 무이 (mu'i)
Sohung미우 (miu)
Kumchon미우 (miu)
Singye무이 (mu'i)
Suan미우 (miu)
Koksan무이 (mu'i)
Gyeongsang KoreanNorth GyeongsangDaegu무'시 (mu si), 무'우 (mu u)
Yeongju무'꾸 (mu kku)
Bonghwa무'꾸 (mu kku)
Uljin무'수 (mu su), 무'꾸 (mu kku), (mū́)
Mungyeong무'시 (mu si), 무'수 (mu su), 무'꾸 (mu kku)
Yecheon무'수 (mu su), 무'꾸 (mu kku)
Andong무'시 (mu si), 무'꾸 (mu kku), 무'우 (mu u)
Yeongyang무'시 (mu si), 무'꾸 (mu kku), 무'우 (mu u)
Sangju무'시 (mu si), 무'꾸 (mu kku)
Uiseong무'시 (mu si), 무'꾸 (mu kku)
Cheongsong무'시 (mu si), 무'꾸 (mu kku), 무'수 (mu su), 무'우 (mu u)
Yeongdeok무'시 (mu si), 무'꾸 (mu kku), 무'우 (mu u)
Gimcheon무'시 (mu si), 무'꾸 (mu kku)
Gumi무'시 (mu si), 무'수 (mu su)
Gunwi무'시 (mu si), 무'수 (mu su)
Pohang무'시 (mu si), 무'꾸 (mu kku), 무'우 (mu u)
Seongju무'시 (mu si)
Chilgok무'시 (mu si), 무'꾸 (mu kku), (mū́)
Gyeongsan무'시 (mu si), 무'우 (mu u)
Yeongcheon무'시 (mu si), 무'우 (mu u)
Goryeong무'시 (mu si), 무'우 (mu u)
Cheongdo무'시 (mu si), 무'수 (mu su), 무'우 (mu u)
Gyeongju무'시 (mu si)
South GyeongsangBusan무'시 (mu si)
Ulsan무'시 (mu si)
Changwon무'시 (mu si)
Geochang무'시 (mu si), 무'우 (mu u)
Hapcheon무'시 (mu si)
Changnyeong무'시 (mu si), 무'수 (mu su)
Miryang무'시 (mu si)
Hamyang무'시 (mu si)
Sancheong무'시 (mu si), 무'수 (mu su)
Uiryeong무'시 (mu si)
Hadong무'시 (mu si)
Jinju무'시 (mu si)
Haman무'시 (mu si)
Gimhae무'시 (mu si)
Yangsan무'시 (mu si)
Sacheon무'시 (mu si), 무'수 (mu su)
Goseong무'시 (mu si)
Namhae무'시 (mu si)
Tongyeong무'시 (mu si), 무'수 (mu su)
Geoje무'시 (mu si)
Ulju무'시 (mu si)
DiasporaYanbian (in general)무'꾸 (mu kku), 무'수 (mu su)
Tonghua무'시 (mu si), 무'꾸 (mu kku)
Jilin City무'시 (mu si), 무'꾸 (mu kku)
Liaoyuan무'꾸 (mu kku)
Changchun무'꾸 (mu kku)
Shenyang무'시 (mu si)
Benxi무'시 (mu si)
Anshan무'시 (mu si)
Tieling무'시 (mu si)
Harbin무'꾸 (mu kku)
Jiamusi무'꾸 (mu kku)
Yichun무'꾸 (mu kku)
Jeolla KoreanNorth JeollaJeonju무수 (musu)
Gunsan무수 (musu)
Iksan무수 (musu)
Wanju무수 (musu)
Jinan무수 (musu)
Muju무시 (musi), 무수 (musu), ()
Gimje무시 (musi)
Buan무시 (musi)
Jeongeup무시 (musi), 무수 (musu)
Imsil무시 (musi), 무수 (musu)
Jangsu무시 (musi)
Gochang무수 (musu)
Sunchang무시 (musi), ()
Namwon무시 (musi)
South JeollaGwangju무시 (musi)
Yeonggwang무시 (musi), 무수 (musu)
Jangseong무시 (musi)
Damyang무시 (musi)
Gokseong무시 (musi)
Gurye무시 (musi), 무수 (musu)
Hampyeong무시 (musi), 무수 (musu)
Sinan무시 (musi), 무수 (musu)
Muan무수 (musu)
Mokpo무시 (musi)
Naju무시 (musi), 무수 (musu)
Hwasun무시 (musi), 무수 (musu)
Suncheon무시 (musi)
Gwangyang무시 (musi)
Yeongam무시 (musi), 무수 (musu)
Jindo무수 (musu)
Haenam무수 (musu)
Gangjin무시 (musi), 무수 (musu)
Wando무시 (musi)
Jangheung무시 (musi)
Boseong무시 (musi)
Goheung무시 (musi)
Yeosu무시 (musi)
Pyongan KoreanSouth PyonganPyongyang (), 무이 (mu'i)
North PyonganPakchon ()
Nyongbyon ()
Kusong (mu)
Kanggye ()
Chasong (mu)
DiasporaTonghua (mu)
Shenyang (mu), 무우 (muu)
Dandong (mu)
Benxi (mu)
Yingkou (mu)
Panjin (mu)
Harbin (mu), 무우 (muu)
Hamgyong KoreanSouth HamgyongHamhung (mu), 무'끼 (mu kki)
Chongpyong무수 (musu), (mu)
Yonggwang무'끼 (mu kki)
Sinhung무'끼 (mu kki)
Hongwon무'끼 (mu kki)
Pukchong무'끼 (mu kki)
Riwon무'끼 (mu kki)
Changjin (mu)
North HamgyongChongjin무'끼 (mu kki), 미'끼 (mi kki)
Kimchaek무'끼 (mu kki)
Kilju무'끼 (mu kki)
Kyongsong무'끼 (mu kki)
Puryong무'끼 (mu kki), 미'끼 (mi kki)
Rason무'끼 (mu kki)
Musan무'끼 (mu kki)
Hyesan무'끼 (mu kki)
Kapsan무'끼 (mu kki)
Pungso무'끼 (mu kki)
Samsu무'끼 (mu kki)
Kimhyongjik (mu)
DiasporaYanji무'끼 (mu kki), 므'끼 (meu kki), 무'꾸 (mu kku), '노배 ( nobae)
Tumen무'끼 (mu kki), 무'꾸 (mu kku), '노배 ( nobae), '노베 ( nobe)
Dunhua무'끼 (mu kki), '노배 ( nobae)
Hunchun무'끼 (mu kki), '노배 ( nobae)
Longjing무'끼 (mu kki), '노배 ( nobae)
Helong무'끼 (mu kki)
Wangqing'노배 ( nobae)
Baishan무'끼 (mu kki)
Jilin City무'꾸 (mu kku) (informant's wife was a Gyeongsang speaker)
Mudanjiang무'끼 (mu kki), '노배 ( nobae)
Jixi무'끼 (mu kki), '노배 ( nobae)
Qitaihe무'끼 (mu kki), '노배 ( nobae), '노베 ( nobe)
Shuangyashan무'끼 (mu kki)
Jiamusi'노배 ( nobae), '로베 ( robe)
Hegang무'끼 (mu kki)
Yukjin KoreanYukjinKyonghung무끼 (mùkkí) (possibly connective form followed by suffix )
Hoeryong무끼 (mùkkí) (possibly connective form followed by suffix )
Onsong무끼 (mùkkí) (possibly connective form followed by suffix )
DiasporaHunchun무수 (mùsù) (isolation), 무끼 (mùkkí) (isolation), (mùkk-) (connective), 노배 (nóbàe) (only Chinese radishes)
JejuJeju Cityᄂᆞᆷ삐 (nawmppi)
Daejeongᄂᆞᆷ삐 (nawmppi)
Gujwaᄂᆞᆷ삐 (nawmppi)
Seogwipoᄂᆞᆷ삐 (nawmppi)
Note: Forms listed as Northeastern may include Yukjin ones, because the consulted source did not distinguish beteen the two dialects.
This table is an amalgamation of surveys of speakers mostly born before 1950 and may not reflect the language of younger speakers, which has lexically converged towards the standard Seoul dialect in both North and South Koreas.

Etymology 2

Sino-Korean word from (slave, bondsman) + (group).

Noun

노배 • (nobae) (hanja 奴輩)

  1. (archaic) a group of slaves
  2. (archaic) A derogatory word used to refer to a despised group of people.
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