거닐다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Worin cheon'gangjigok (月印千江之曲 / 월인천강지곡), 1449, as Middle Korean 걷〯니다〮 (Yale: kětnì-tá), from 걷〯— (Yale: kět-, “to walk”) + 니다〮 (Yale: nì-tá, “to go”).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈkɘ(ː)niɭda̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [거(ː)닐다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | geonilda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | geonilda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | kŏnilda |
| Yale Romanization? | kēnilta |
Verb
거닐다 • (geonilda) (infinitive 거닐어, sequential 거니니)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 거닐다 (geonilda): consonant-stem, ㄹ(l)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 거닌다 geoninda |
거닐어 geonireo |
거닐어요 geonireoyo |
거닙니다 geonimnida |
| Past | 거닐었다 geonireotda |
거닐었어 geonireosseo |
거닐었어요 geonireosseoyo |
거닐었습니다 geonireotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 거니느냐 geonineunya |
거닐어 geonireo |
거닐어요 geonireoyo |
거닙니까 geonimnikka |
| Past | 거닐었느냐 geonireonneunya |
거닐었어 geonireosseo |
거닐었어요 geonireosseoyo |
거닐었습니까 geonireotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 거닐자 geonilja | 거닐어 geonireo | 거닐어요 geonireoyo | 거니십시다 geonisipsida | |
| Imperative | 거닐어라 geonireora | 거닐어 geonireo | 거닐어요 geonireoyo | 거닙시오 geonipsio | |
| Assertive | 거닐겠다 geonilgetda | 거닐겠어 geonilgesseo | 거닐겠어요 geonilgesseoyo | 거닐겠습니다 geonilgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 거닐어 geonireo | 거닐어서 geonireoseo | 거니니 geonini | 거니니까 geoninikka | |
| Contrast | 거닐지만 geoniljiman | 거니는데 geonineunde | 거닐더니 geonildeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 거닐고 geonilgo | ||||
| Condition | 거닐면 geonilmyeon | 거닐어야 geonireoya | |||
| Motive | 거닐려고 geonillyeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 거닒 geonim | 거닐기 geonilgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 거닐었음 geonireosseum | 거닐었기 geonireotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 거닌 geonin | |||
| Present | 거니는 geonineun | ||||
| Future | 거닐 geonil | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 거니신다 geonisinda |
거니셔 geonisyeo |
거니세요, 거니셔요 geoniseyo, geonisyeoyo |
거니십니다 geonisimnida |
| Past | 거니셨다 geonisyeotda |
거니셨어 geonisyeosseo |
거니셨어요 geonisyeosseoyo |
거니셨습니다 geonisyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 거니시느냐 geonisineunya |
거니셔 geonisyeo |
거니세요, 거니셔요 geoniseyo, geonisyeoyo |
거니십니까 geonisimnikka |
| Past | 거니셨느냐 geonisyeonneunya |
거니셨어 geonisyeosseo |
거니셨어요 geonisyeosseoyo |
거니셨습니까 geonisyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 거니시라 geonisira | 거니셔 geonisyeo | 거니세요 geoniseyo | 거니십시오 geonisipsio | |
| Assertive | 거니시겠다 geonisigetda | 거니시겠어 geonisigesseo | 거니시겠어요 geonisigesseoyo | 거니시겠습니다 geonisigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 거니셔 geonisyeo | 거니셔서 geonisyeoseo | 거니시니 geonisini | 거니시니까 geonisinikka | |
| Contrast | 거니시지만 geonisijiman | 거니시는데 geonisineunde | 거니시더니 geonisideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 거니시고 geonisigo | ||||
| Condition | 거니시면 geonisimyeon | 거니셔야 geonisyeoya | |||
| Motive | 거니시려고 geonisiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 거니심 geonisim | 거니시기 geonisigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 거니셨음 geonisyeosseum | 거니셨기 geonisyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 거니신 geonisin | |||
| Present | 거니시는 geonisineun | ||||
| Future | 거니실 geonisil | ||||
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