가두다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 가도다 (Yale: katwota).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ka̠duda̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [가두다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | gaduda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | gaduda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | kaduda |
| Yale Romanization? | katwuta |
Verb
| Base | 가두다 (gaduda) |
|---|---|
| Passive | 갇히다 (gachida) |
가두다 • (gaduda) (infinitive 가두어 or 가둬, sequential 가두니)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 가두다 (gaduda): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 가둔다 gadunda |
가두어 gadueo |
가두어요, 가둬요 gadueoyo, gadwoyo |
가둡니다 gadumnida |
| Past | 가두었다 gadueotda |
가두었어 gadueosseo |
가두었어요 gadueosseoyo |
가두었습니다 gadueotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 가두느냐 gaduneunya |
가두어 gadueo |
가두어요, 가둬요 gadueoyo, gadwoyo |
가둡니까 gadumnikka |
| Past | 가두었느냐 gadueonneunya |
가두었어 gadueosseo |
가두었어요 gadueosseoyo |
가두었습니까 gadueotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 가두자 gaduja | 가두어 gadueo | 가두어요, 가둬요 gadueoyo, gadwoyo | 가두십시다 gadusipsida | |
| Imperative | 가두어라, 가둬라 gadueora, gadwora | 가두어 gadueo | 가두어요, 가둬요 gadueoyo, gadwoyo | 가둡시오 gadupsio | |
| Assertive | 가두겠다 gadugetda | 가두겠어 gadugesseo | 가두겠어요 gadugesseoyo | 가두겠습니다 gadugetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 가두어 gadueo | 가두어서, 가둬서 gadueoseo, gadwoseo | 가두니 gaduni | 가두니까 gadunikka | |
| Contrast | 가두지만 gadujiman | 가두는데 gaduneunde | 가두더니 gadudeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 가두고 gadugo | ||||
| Condition | 가두면 gadumyeon | 가두어야, 가둬야 gadueoya, gadwoya | |||
| Motive | 가두려고 gaduryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 가둠 gadum | 가두기 gadugi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 가두었음, 가뒀음 gadueosseum, gadwosseum | 가두었기, 가뒀기 gadueotgi, gadwotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 가둔 gadun | |||
| Present | 가두는 gaduneun | ||||
| Future | 가둘 gadul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 가두신다 gadusinda |
가두셔 gadusyeo |
가두세요, 가두셔요 gaduseyo, gadusyeoyo |
가두십니다 gadusimnida |
| Past | 가두셨다 gadusyeotda |
가두셨어 gadusyeosseo |
가두셨어요 gadusyeosseoyo |
가두셨습니다 gadusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 가두시느냐 gadusineunya |
가두셔 gadusyeo |
가두세요, 가두셔요 gaduseyo, gadusyeoyo |
가두십니까 gadusimnikka |
| Past | 가두셨느냐 gadusyeonneunya |
가두셨어 gadusyeosseo |
가두셨어요 gadusyeosseoyo |
가두셨습니까 gadusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 가두시라 gadusira | 가두셔 gadusyeo | 가두세요 gaduseyo | 가두십시오 gadusipsio | |
| Assertive | 가두시겠다 gadusigetda | 가두시겠어 gadusigesseo | 가두시겠어요 gadusigesseoyo | 가두시겠습니다 gadusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 가두셔 gadusyeo | 가두셔서 gadusyeoseo | 가두시니 gadusini | 가두시니까 gadusinikka | |
| Contrast | 가두시지만 gadusijiman | 가두시는데 gadusineunde | 가두시더니 gadusideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 가두시고 gadusigo | ||||
| Condition | 가두시면 gadusimyeon | 가두셔야 gadusyeoya | |||
| Motive | 가두시려고 gadusiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 가두심 gadusim | 가두시기 gadusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 가두셨음 gadusyeosseum | 가두셨기 gadusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 가두신 gadusin | |||
| Present | 가두시는 gadusineun | ||||
| Future | 가두실 gadusil | ||||
See also
- 가두리 (gaduri): rim, brim
- 가두리 양식 (가두리 養殖, gaduri yangsik): fish farming, pisciculture
- 가 (ga): bound, margin, rim, brink, edge, verge
- 두르다 (dureuda): to surround, enclose, fence, girdle
- 자물쇠 (jamulsoe): lock, padlock
- 잠그다 (jamgeuda): to lock, shut; to dip, submerge, immerse, soak
- 담그다 (damgeuda): to dip, submerge, immerse, soak
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