酸し

Japanese

Kanji in this term
酸
す Grade: 5
kun’yomi

Etymology

Derived from noun 酢 (su, “vinegar”) + adjectival suffix し (-shi).[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [sɨᵝɕi]

Adjective

酸(す)し • (sushi) ^†-ku

(archaic) sour; tasting of vinegar

Usage notes

The -shi ending is the terminal (sentence-final) form in classical Japanese. This form is archaic and almost obsolete in modern Japanese, having evolved into the -i ending, the base form for modern -i adjectives. For more detail, see Japanese equivalents of adjectives on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Conjugation

Classical conjugation of "酸し" (ク活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	酸く^[1] 酸から^[2]	すくすから	suku sukara
Continuative (連用形)	酸く^[1] 酸かり^[2]	すくすかり	suku sukari
Terminal (終止形)	酸し	すし	susi
Attributive (連体形)	酸き酸かる	すきすかる	suki sukaru
Realis (已然形)	酸けれ	すけれ	sukere
Imperative (命令形)	酸かれ	すかれ	sukare
Key constructions
Negative	酸からず	すからず	sukarazu
Contrasting conjunction	酸けれど	すけれど	sukeredo
Causal conjunction	酸ければ	すければ	sukereba
Conditional conjunction	酸くば	すくば	sukuba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	酸かりき	すかりき	sukariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	酸かりけり	すかりけり	sukarikeri
Adverbial	酸く	すく	suku
^[1]Without auxiliary verb. ^[2]With auxiliary verb.

Derived terms

酸(す)い (sui, “sour”, modern form)
寿司(すし), 鮨(すし), 鮓(すし) (sushi, “sushi”)
酸(す)ヶ湯(ゆ)温泉(おんせん) (Sukayu Onsen)
酸(スキ)棗(ナツメ) (sukinatsume)
口(くち)が酸(す)くなる (kuchi ga sukunaru)

References

Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

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[KDJ-1] Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN