蝮

蝮 U+876E, 蝮
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-876E
← 蝭
[U+876D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 蝯 →
[U+876F]

Translingual

Han character

蝮 (Kangxi radical 142, 虫+9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 中戈人日水 (LIOAE), four-corner 58147, composition ⿰虫复)

  1. venomous snake, viper

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1091, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 33309
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1556, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2871, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+876E

Chinese
trad. 蝮
simp. # 蝮
alternative forms 蝠
𧐛

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 蝮
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (复) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
愎 *brɯɡ
鍑 *puɡs, *puɡ
覆 *pʰuɡs, *buɡs, *pʰɯːɡ, *pʰuɡ
復 *buɡs, *buɡ
椱 *buɡs, *buɡ
複 *buɡs, *puɡ
馥 *brɯɡ, *buɡ
腹 *puɡ
輹 *puɡ, *buɡ
蝮 *pʰuɡ
蕧 *pʰuɡ, *buɡ
复 *buɡ
鰒 *buɡ
澓 *buɡ

Etymology

Possibly related to 伏 (OC *bɯɡ, “to lie down”) (Schuessler, 2007). Alternatively, it may be related to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *bəw (“insect; snake”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 蝮
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 滂 (2)
Final (韻) 屋 (4)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 芳福切
Baxter phjuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /pʰɨuk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /pʰiuk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /pʰiuk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /pʰuwk̚/
Li
Rong		 /pʰiuk̚/
Wang
Li		 /pʰĭuk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /pʰi̯uk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 fu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 fuk1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 蝮
Reading # 1/1
No. 3547
Phonetic
component		 复
Rime
group		 覺
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 蝮
Old
Chinese		 /*pʰuɡ/

Definitions

蝮

  1. pit viper

Compounds
  • 虺蝮
  • 蝮蛇 (fùshé)
  • 蝮蛇螫手，壯士解腕／蝮蛇螫手，壮士解腕

Japanese

Kanji
蝮

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. pit viper

Readings

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
蝮
はみ
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

/pami2/ → /pami/ → /fami/ → /hami/

From Old Japanese. Appears in the Wamyō Ruijushō dictionary of 938 CE.[1]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “derivations? also mi2 might be wrong/”)

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ha̠mʲi]

Noun

蝮(はみ) or 蝮(ハミ) • (hami) 

  1. (dated, possibly obsolete) mamushi, pit viper
Derived terms
  • くちはみ (kuchihami), くちばみ (kuchibami)

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
蝮
まむし
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Compound of 真 (ma, “true”) + 虫 (mushi, “snake”).[1]

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) まむし [màmúshí] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [ma̠mɯ̟ᵝɕi]

Noun

蝮(まむし) or 蝮(マムシ) • (mamushi) 

  1. Short for 日本蝮 (“mamushi (Gloydius blomhoffii)”).
  2. (by extension) a pit viper, adder
    • 1999 July 22, “フレイム・ヴァイパー [Flame Viper]”, in Vol.4, Konami:
      シュルシュルと素(す)早(ばや)く動(うご)き、口(くち)から火(か)炎(えん)をはくマムシ。
      Shurushuru to subayaku ugoki, kuchi kara kaen o haku mamushi.
      A pit viper that spits fire and slithers swiftly.
  3. person who is feared by others but gives no harm (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
  4. Short for まむし指.
Compounds

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

蝮 • (bok) (hangeul 복, revised bok, McCune–Reischauer pok, Yale pok)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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