芳しい

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
かんば
Grade: S
kun’yomi
Alternative spellings
香しい
馨しい

⟨kaɡupasi⟩/kaɱʉpaɕi//kambaɕi//kambaɕiki//kambaɕi.i/

Shift from kaguwashii below, classical 芳し (kaguwashi).

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) んばし [kàńbáshíꜜì] (Nakadaka – [4])[1]
  • IPA(key): [kã̠mba̠ɕii]

Adjective

(かんば)しい • (kanbashii) -i (adverbial (かんば)しく (kanbashiku))

  1. sweet-smelling, fragrant
  2. desirable, favorable, good
Inflection

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
かぐわ
Grade: S
kun’yomi
Alternative spellings
香しい
馨しい

⟨kaɡupasi⟩⟨kaɡupasiki1 → */kaɡupasikʲi//kaɡuɸaɕiki//kaɡuwaɕi.i/

From 芳しき (kagupasiki1), the 連体形 (rentaikei, attributive form) of Old Japanese adjective 芳し (kagupasi). In turn, from (ka, fragrance) + くわし (-kuwashi, fine, elegant, beautiful, used as a suffixing element).[2] The kuwashi changes to guwashi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Attested in the Kojiki of 712, with the phonetic man'yōgana spelling of 迦具波斯 (kagupasi).[2]

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) ぐわし [kàgúwáshíꜜì] (Nakadaka – [4])[1]
  • IPA(key): [ka̠ɡɯ̟ᵝɰᵝa̠ɕii]

Adjective

(かぐわ)しい • (kaguwashii) かぐはしい (kagufasii)?-i (adverbial (かぐわ)しく (kaguwashiku))

  1. [from 712] (archaic) sweet-smelling, fragrant
  2. [from 759] (archaic) desirable, favorable, good
Inflection
Derived terms

References

  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 芳・香・馨”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, Nihon Kokugo Daijiten) (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
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