碎

See also: 砕

碎	U+788E, 碎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-788E

← 碍
[U+788D]

CJK Unified Ideographs

碏 →
[U+788F]

Translingual

Han character

碎 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一口卜人十 (MRYOJ), four-corner 1064₈, composition ⿰石卒)

Derived characters

𡀬𢣃𣩸𡳥𤻒

Descendants

砕

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 832, character 5

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24284

Dae Jaweon: page 1248, character 23

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2439, character 9

Unihan data for U+788E

Chinese

simp. and trad.		碎
2nd round simp.		砕
alternative forms		砕

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 碎
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (卒) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
晬	*ʔsuːds
祽	*ʔsuːds
綷	*ʔsuːds
淬	*sʰuːds
啐	sʰuːds, suːds, sʰroːds, ʔsud
倅	sʰuːds, ʔsuːd
焠	*sʰuːds
碎	*suːds
誶	suːds, suds, *zud
濢	ʔslulʔ, sʰluds
噿	*ʔslulʔ
臎	ʔslulʔ, sʰluds
醉	*ʔsuds
翠	*sʰuds
悴	*zuds
萃	*zuds
瘁	*zuds
顇	*zuds
粹	*suds
睟	*suds
賥	*suds
卒	ʔsuːd, sʰuːd, *ʔsud
稡	*ʔsuːd
猝	*sʰuːd
椊	*zuːd
捽	zuːd, zud
崪	*zuːd
窣	*suːd
崒	*zud
踤	*zud
錊	*ʔsuːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *suːds) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 卒 (OC *ʔsuːd, *sʰuːd, *ʔsud).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): suì (sui⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄙㄨㄟˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): seoi³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): lhui¹, lhui⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sui
Northern Min (KCR): cho̿
Eastern Min (BUC): chó̤i
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sùi / chhùi

(Teochew, Peng'im): cui³
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁵se / ⁵sei; ³tshei / ⁵suai / ⁵sae; ⁵sue / ⁵suei / ¹sei; ⁵sei
- (Jinhua): ³sae

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: suì
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄟˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: suèi
  - Wade–Giles: sui⁴
  - Yale: swèi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suey
  - Palladius: суй (suj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: seoi³
  - Yale: seui
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soey³
  - Guangdong Romanization: sêu³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɵy̯³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: lhui¹, lhui⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬui³³/, /ɬui²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sui
  - Hakka Romanization System: sui
  - Hagfa Pinyim: sui⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /su̯i⁵⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cho̿
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰo³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: chó̤i
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔy²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sùi
  - Tâi-lô: suì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: suix
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /sui²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sui⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhùi
  - Tâi-lô: tshuì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhuix
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰui⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰui¹¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰui²¹/

Note:

sùi - literary;
chhùi - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: cui³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshùi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰui²¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghai, Songjiang, Suzhou, Tongxiang, Haining, Haiyan, Shaoxing)
  - Wugniu: ⁵se
  - MiniDict: se^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²se
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /se³⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /se³⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /se⁵²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Tongxiang): /sɛ³³⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Haining): /se⁴⁴⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Haiyan): /se³⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /se³³/
- (Chongming)
  - Wugniu: ⁵sei; ³tshei
  - MiniDict: sei^去; tshei^上
  - Sinological IPA (Chongming): /sei³³/, /t͡sʰei⁴²⁴/
- (Changzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁵suai
  - MiniDict: suai^去
  - Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /suai⁵²³/
- (Jiaxing, Haiyan)
  - Wugniu: ⁵sae; ⁵sue
  - MiniDict: sae^去; sue^去
  - Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /sɛ³³⁴/, /sue³³⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Haiyan): /sɛ³⁵/, /sue³⁵/
- (Hangzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁵suei
  - MiniDict: suei^去
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /szʷei⁴⁵/
- (Ningbo)
  - Wugniu: ¹sei; ⁵sei
  - MiniDict: sei^平; sei^去
  - Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /sɐɪ⁵²/, /sɐɪ⁵⁵/
- (Jinhua)
  - Wugniu: ³sae
  - Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /sɛ⁵³⁵/

Note:

⁵sue (Jiaxing) - literary;
⁵sae (Jiaxing) - colloquial.

Middle Chinese: swojH

Rime
Character	碎
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	灰 (42)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	蘇内切
Baxter	swojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/suʌi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/suoi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/suɒi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/swəj^H/
Li Rong	/suᴀi^H/
Wang Li	/suɒi^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/suɑ̆i^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	suì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	seoi³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[s-tsʰ]ˤu[t]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*suːds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	碎
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	suì
Middle Chinese	‹ swoj^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[s-tsʰ]ˁu[t]-s/
English	break
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	碎
Reading #	1/1
No.	17936
Phonetic component	卒
Rime group	隊
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*suːds/

Definitions

碎

shattered; fragmented; shredded
碎片 ― suìpiàn ― chip; fragment

啲薯片碎嗮喇。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
di¹ syu⁴ pin^3-2 seoi³ saai³ laa³. [Jyutping]
The chips are all crushed.
small pieces; bits; fragments
玻璃碎 ― bōli suì ― glass shards

肉碎 ― ròusuì ― minced meat
to shatter; to fragment; to shred
碎紙機／碎纸机 ― suìzhǐjī ― paper shredder
talkative
閒言碎語／闲言碎语 ― xiányánsuìyǔ ― gossip

碎嘴子 ― suìzuǐzi ― talkative
a surname: Sui

Synonyms

(fragmented): 零星 (língxīng)

Compounds

凌遲碎剮／凌迟碎剐
切碎 (qiēsuì)
嘴碎 (zuǐsuì)
壓碎／压碎 (yāsuì)
寧當玉碎／宁当玉碎
心寒膽碎／心寒胆碎
心碎 (xīnsuì)
心膽俱碎／心胆俱碎
手零腳碎／手零脚碎
打碎 (dǎsuì)
掰開揉碎／掰开揉碎
搗碎／捣碎 (dǎosuì)
摜碎／掼碎
摧身碎首
擊碎唾壺／击碎唾壶
攪碎機／搅碎机
支離破碎／支离破碎 (zhīlípòsuì)
敲碎
殞身碎首／殒身碎首
煩言碎語／烦言碎语
煩言碎辭／烦言碎辞
片鱗碎甲／片鳞碎甲
玉石俱碎
玉碎 (yùsuì)
玉碎珠沉
玉碎花銷／玉碎花销
玉碎香殘／玉碎香残
玉碎香消
珠殘玉碎／珠残玉碎
珠沉玉碎
珠沉璧碎
瑣碎／琐碎 (suǒsuì)
破碎 (pòsuì)
破碎家庭
破碎帶／破碎带
破碎支離／破碎支离
碎修兒／碎修儿
碎催
碎務／碎务
碎嘴子
碎嘴碎舌
碎塊／碎块
碎妝／碎妆
碎密
碎小
碎屍萬段／碎尸万段
碎屑 (suìxiè)
碎末 (suìmò)
碎步
碎步兒／碎步儿
碎片 (suìpiàn)
碎玉 (suìyù)
碎瓊亂玉／碎琼乱玉
碎瓷
碎石 (suìshí)
碎紛紛／碎纷纷
碎聒
碎肉 (suìròu)
碎花
碎裂 (suìliè)
碎身粉骨
碎金 (suìjīn)
碎首糜軀／碎首糜躯
碎骨粉身
粉碎 (fěnsuì)
粉身碎骨 (fěnshēn-suìgǔ)
粉零麻碎
粉骨碎身 (fěngǔsuìshēn)
糜軀碎首／糜躯碎首
細碎／细碎 (xìsuì)
絞碎／绞碎
苛碎
閒言碎語／闲言碎语
阿郎雜碎／阿郎杂碎
雜碎／杂碎 (zásuì)
雞零狗碎／鸡零狗碎
零七八碎
零打碎敲
零敲碎打
零碎 (língsuì)
零零碎碎
顛撲不碎／颠扑不碎
香消玉碎
骨碎補／骨碎补 (gǔsuìbǔ)

Japanese

Shinjitai	砕
Kyūjitai	碎

Kanji

碎

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 砕)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: さい (sai)
Kan-on: さい (sai)
Kun: くだく (kudaku, 碎く); くだける (kudakeru, 碎ける); はたく (hataku, 碎く)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 碎 (MC swojH).

Hanja

碎 (eumhun 부술 쇄 (busul swae))

Hanja form^? of 쇄 (“shred”).

Compounds

분쇄 (粉碎, bunswae, “shattering”)
파쇄 (破碎, paswae, “crushing”)
쇄빙선 (碎氷船, swaebingseon, “icebreaker”)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

碎: Hán Việt readings: toái
碎: Nôm readings: tôi, tui, toái, thỏi, tỏa/toả, tủi

Noun

碎 • (tôi)

(archaic, historical) slave; domestic servant

Pronoun

碎 • (tôi)

(formal in all dialects) I/me (used in formal contexts, regardless of the difference in status between the speakers)

Notes

This character is also used for the alternative pronunciation, tui

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