瘧

See also: 疟

瘧	U+7627, 瘧 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7627

← 瘦
[U+7626]

CJK Unified Ideographs

瘨 →
[U+7628]

Translingual

Han character

瘧 (Kangxi radical 104, 疒+9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 大卜心一 (KYPM), four-corner 0011₄, composition ⿸疒虐)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 778, character 30

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22419

Dae Jaweon: page 1188, character 19

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2683, character 19

Unihan data for U+7627

Chinese

trad.		瘧
simp.		疟
alternative forms		𤷡𤺝𭙬𭼠

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (虐) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
虐	*ŋawɢ
瘧	*ŋawɢ
謔	*hŋawɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋawɢ) : semantic 疒 + phonetic 虐 (OC *ŋawɢ).

Etymology

Perhaps related to 虐 (OC *ŋawɢ, “to oppress, to coerce, to be violent”).

Compare Thai งก ๆ (ngók-ngók, “shivering, shaking (due to fever or fear)”), Thai หงก ๆ (ngòk-ngòk, “shivering (as from ague)”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): nüè, yào (nüe⁴, yao⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄩㄝˋ, ㄧㄠˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): joek⁶
Eastern Min (BUC): ngiŏk
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lio̍k / gio̍k / gia̍k
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁸gniaq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: nüè
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄩㄝˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: nyuè
  - Wade–Giles: nüeh⁴
  - Yale: nywè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: niueh
  - Palladius: нюэ (njue)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ny̯ɛ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yào
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yào
  - Wade–Giles: yao⁴
  - Yale: yàu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yaw
  - Palladius: яо (jao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑʊ̯⁵¹/

Note:

nüè - literary;
yào - colloquial, only in 瘧子.

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: joek⁶
  - Yale: yeuhk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: joek⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yêg⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jœːk̚²/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ngiŏk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋyoʔ⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lio̍k
  - Tâi-lô: lio̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liok
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /liɔk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /liɔk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gio̍k
  - Tâi-lô: gio̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: giok
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡiɔk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɡiɔk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gia̍k
  - Tâi-lô: gia̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: giak
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡiak̚¹²¹/

Note:

lio̍k - colloquial;
gio̍k/gia̍k - literary.

Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁸gniaq
  - MiniDict: nyah^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵nyiaq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲiaʔ¹²/

Middle Chinese: ngjak

Rime
Character	瘧
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	藥 (107)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	魚約切
Baxter	ngjak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɨɐk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋiɐk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋɨak̚/
Li Rong	/ŋiak̚/
Wang Li	/ŋĭak̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋi̯ak̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yuè
Expected Cantonese Reflex	joek⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ŋawɢ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	瘧
Reading #	1/1
No.	9637
Phonetic component	虐
Rime group	藥
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	虐
Old Chinese	/*ŋawɢ/

Definitions

瘧

(medicine) ague; malaria; intermittent fever and shivering
^† Alternative form of 虐 (nüè, “abuse; to be abused”)

Compounds

寒瘧／寒疟
牝瘧／牝疟
瘧原蟲／疟原虫 (nüèyuánchóng)
瘧媒蚊／疟媒蚊
瘧子／疟子
瘧疾／疟疾 (nüèjí)
瘧蚊／疟蚊 (nüèwén)
癉瘧／瘅疟
逃瘧／逃疟

Japanese

Kanji

瘧

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

(pathology) malaria

Readings

Go-on: がく (gaku)

Kan-on: ぎゃく (gyaku)

Kun: おこり (okori)

Korean

Hanja

瘧 • (hak) (hangeul 학, revised hak, McCune–Reischauer hak, Yale hak)

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