琉璃
Chinese
| phonetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (琉璃) | 琉 | 璃 | |
| simp. #(琉璃) | 琉 | 璃 | |
| alternative forms | 瑠璃 流離／流离 | ||
Etymology
From an unidentified language in the Western Regions, perhaps a Prakrit language, e.g. Gandhari 𐨬𐨅𐨜𐨂𐨪𐨁𐨩 (veḍuriya),[1] a form attested in as a component in a proper noun. Compare Pali veḷuriya (“precious stone, maybe lapis lazuli”), Sanskrit वैडूर्य (vaiḍūrya, “cat's-eye, beryl”),[2] whence Chinese 吠瑠璃 (fèiliúlí). The Middle Chinese reflex may have been subjected to hyperthesis with the ḍ- and r- syllables exchanged, with further ḍ > l (Ji, 1998v4).
Pronunciation
Noun
琉璃
- (literary, originally) a kind of blue and translucent natural precious stone, probably lapis lazuli
- coloured glaze similar to this kind of stone
- (literary) Synonym of 玻璃 (“glass”)
- (literary) lamp made from glass
- (literary, figuratively) any translucent object
- (Beijing Mandarin) dragonfly
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 蜻蜓 (“dragonfly”) [map]
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- Stefan Baums with Andrew Glass (2016) “Veḍuriyaprabha”, in A Dictionary of Gandhari
- 1917, Field Museum of Natural History: 1909, “The Beginnings of Porcelain in China”, Berthold Laufer and Henry Windsor Nichols, The Museum, page 138:
- The glassy paste for the production of ceramic glazes was called liu-li 琉璃 (in the Han Annals 流離) or p'i-liu-li, derived from Prākrit veluriya, Mahārāshṭrī verulia (Sanskrit vaiḍūrya).
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 琉 | 璃 |
| る Jinmeiyō |
り Grade: S |
| goon | on’yomi |
Etymology
The spelling is an orthographic borrowing from Chinese 琉璃 (liúlí).
| For pronunciation and definitions of 琉璃 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 琉璃, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
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