煙管

Chinese
cigarette; tobacco; smoke
 
to take care (of); to control; to manage
to take care (of); to control; to manage; to be in charge of; to look after; to run; tube; pipe
trad. (煙管/菸管) 煙/菸 管
simp. (烟管) 烟 管

Pronunciation

Noun

煙管

  1. smoke pipe or tube; flue header

Synonyms

Derived terms

Japanese
煙管 (kiseru): a traditional Japanese smoking pipe.
Kanji in this term
煙 管
きせる
Grade: S Grade: 4
jukujikun

Etymology 1

From Khmer ខ្សៀរ (khsiěrô) or ខ្សៀ (khsiě, “a pipe for smoking”).[1][2] Tobacco trade from Europe first went through Southeast Asia before reaching Japan. One source[3] suggests that the Khmer word itself was a borrowing from Spanish que sorber or Portuguese que sorver, “that which is sucked upon”.

Variant readings include kiseri and kisero,[1] although these are rare.

The kanji spelling 煙管 is an example of jukujikun (熟字訓).

Pronunciation

Noun

煙管(きせる) or 煙管(キセル) or 煙管(キセリ) or 煙管(キセロ) • (kiseru or kiseri or kisero) 

  1. a tobacco pipe with a metal stem
  2. (slang) a way of cheating on one's train fare
    The train rider purchases two tickets, one for a short distance at the start of the journey, and one for a short distance at the end of the journey. In this way, the rider can avoid having to pay full fare for the total distance traveled.
    A pun on the way that there is 金 (kane, “metal; money”) on both ends, but not in the middle, similar to a kiseru pipe.
  3. (slang) a way of buying votes for an election
    The vote buyer pays the voter part before the election and part after (assuming the election buyer wins).
    A pun on the way that there is 金 (kane, “metal; money”) on both ends, but not in the middle, similar to a kiseru pipe.
  4. (obsolete) during the Edo period, someone who sold slow match to theater-goers to use to light their pipes
Synonyms
  • (fare dodging): 不(ふ)正(せい)乗(じょう)車(しゃ) (fusei jōsha) (official, formal), ただ乗(の)り (tadanori) (not paying any fare at all)
  • (slow match seller): 火(ひ)縄(なわ)売(うり) (hinawauri)

Verb

煙管(きせる)する • (kiseru suru) suru (stem 煙管(きせる)し (kiseru shi), past 煙管(きせる)した (kiseru shita))

  1. (slang) to cheat on one's train fare
Conjugation
Conjugation of "煙管する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 煙管し きせるし kiseru shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 煙管し きせるし kiseru shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 煙管する きせるする kiseru suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 煙管する きせるする kiseru suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 煙管すれ きせるすれ kiseru sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 煙管せよ¹
煙管しろ²		 きせるせよ¹
きせるしろ²		 kiseru seyo¹
kiseru shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 煙管される きせるされる kiseru sareru
Causative 煙管させる
煙管さす		 きせるさせる
きせるさす		 kiseru saseru
kiseru sasu
Potential 煙管できる きせるできる kiseru dekiru
Volitional 煙管しよう きせるしよう kiseru shiyō
Negative 煙管しない きせるしない kiseru shinai
Negative continuative 煙管せず きせるせず kiseru sezu
Formal 煙管します きせるします kiseru shimasu
Perfective 煙管した きせるした kiseru shita
Conjunctive 煙管して きせるして kiseru shite
Hypothetical conditional 煙管すれば きせるすれば kiseru sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

Etymology 2
煙管 (enkan): the red horizontal lines are the fire tubes.
Kanji in this term
煙 管
えん
Grade: S		 かん
Grade: 4
on’yomi

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 煙管 (MC 'en kwanX, literally “smoke + tube”). Compare modern Mandarin 煙管／烟管 (yānguǎn).

Pronunciation

Noun

煙(えん)管(かん) • (enkan) ←えんくわん (enkwan)?

  1. a fire tube or boiler tube in a steam engine: a pipe that conducts hot gasses from combustion to heat the boiler
  2. a smokestack or chimney
  3. a tobacco pipe with a metal stem (same as above; kiseru reading more common)
Synonyms
Further reading

References
  1. Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. Suzuki, Tatsuya (1999 November) 喫煙伝来史の研究 (Kitsuen Denraishi no Kenkyū, “Research into the History of the Introduction of Smoking”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shibunkaku, →ISBN, retrieved 2013-06-06
  4. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
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