清真

See also: 淸眞

Chinese

		clear; distinct; complete clear; distinct; complete; pure	real; true; genuine
trad. (清真/淸眞)		清/淸	真/眞
simp. (清真)		清	真

Etymology

Literary use since at least the Tang dynasty. In its Islamic sense, used to praise God, or Allah, in the Ming and Qing dynasties.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qīngzhēn

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄥㄓㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cing¹ zan¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhîn-chṳ̂n
Eastern Min (BUC): chĭng-cĭng
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chheng-chin
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ¹chin-tsen

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qīngzhēn
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄥㄓㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cingjhen
  - Wade–Giles: chʻing¹-chên¹
  - Yale: chīng-jēn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chingjen
  - Palladius: цинчжэнь (cinčžɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: cing¹ zan¹
  - Yale: chīng jān
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsing¹ dzan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: qing¹ zen¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐn⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhîn-chṳ̂n
  - Hakka Romanization System: qin´ ziin´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: qin¹ zin¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sɨn²⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: chĭng-cĭng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁵ ^(t͡s-)ʒiŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chheng-chin
  - Tâi-lô: tshing-tsin
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhengcyn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sin⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɪŋ³³ t͡sin³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sin⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sin⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sin⁴⁴/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ¹chin-tsen
  - MiniDict: chin^平 tsen
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹qin-tsen
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵ t͡sən²¹/

Middle Chinese: tshjeng tsyin

Rime
Character	清	真
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	清 (121)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	七情切	側鄰切
Baxter	tshjeng	tsyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰiᴇŋ/	/t͡ɕiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰiɛŋ/	/t͡ɕin/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰiæŋ/	/t͡ɕjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰiajŋ/	/cin/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰiɛŋ/	/t͡ɕiĕn/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰĭɛŋ/	/t͡ɕĭĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰi̯ɛŋ/	/t͡ɕi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qīng	zhēn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cing¹	zan¹

Adjective

清真

(Islam) halal or qingzhen; permissible according to Muslim religious customs, especially of food preparation
清真餐館／清真餐馆 ― qīngzhēn cānguǎn ― halal restaurant
(literary) naive; artless
(literary) pure; sincere

Usage notes

In its Islamic sense, used mainly by the native Muslims in China.

Derived terms

清真寺 (qīngzhēnsì)
清真教 (Qīngzhēnjiào)
清真言

Descendants

→ English: qingzhen

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