杉

See also: 衫
杉 U+6749, 杉
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6749
← 杈
[U+6748] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 杊 →
[U+674A]

Translingual

Han character

杉 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 木竹竹竹 (DHHH), four-corner 42922, composition ⿰木彡)

Derived characters
  • 𱒩, 涁, 𬫕, 𣒡, 𪓫

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 511, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14452
  • Dae Jaweon: page 895, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1161, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+6749

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 杉
alternative forms 檆

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (彡) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
杉 *sreːm
彡 *sroːm, *slom
衫 *sroːm
髟 *priw, *piw, *sroːm
釤 *sraːms
䑣 *l̥ʰun
彤 *l'uːŋ
浵 *l'uːŋ
肜 *luŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sreːm) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 彡 (OC *sroːm, *slom).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 杉
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 生 (21)
Final (韻) 咸 (151)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 所咸切
Baxter sream
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʃˠɛm/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʃᵚæm/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʃɐm/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʂəɨm/
Li
Rong		 /ʃɐm/
Wang
Li		 /ʃɐm/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʂăm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 saam1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 杉
Reading # 1/1
No. 11042
Phonetic
component		 彡
Rime
group		 談
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 攕
Old
Chinese		 /*sreːm/
Notes 同檆，三國後俗體

Definitions

杉

  1. fir (various species of conifers)
    杉木  ―  shānmù  ―  Cunninghamia lanceolata (China fir)
    冷杉  ―  lěngshān  ―  Abies (firs)
    南洋杉  ―  nányángshān  ―  Araucaria cunninghamii (hoop pine)
  2. Used in transliterations.

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji
杉

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
杉
すぎ
Grade: S
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
椙

From Old Japanese 杉 (sugi2), which Miyake (1997) (apud Schuessler, 2007) associates with Old Chinese 松 (OC *sɢloŋ). Ultimately comes from reconstructed Proto-Japonic *sunkOy.[1]

First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[2]

Pronunciation

Noun

杉(すぎ) or 杉(スギ) • (sugi) 

  1. Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica)
Usage notes
  • As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as スギ.
Descendants
  • → English: sugi

Proper noun

杉(すぎ) • (Sugi) 

  1. a surname

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
杉
すぎ
Grade: S
(ateji)
kun’yomi

This kanji is an ateji (当て字).

Suffix

杉(すぎ) • (-sugi) 

  1. (Internet slang, dated) Alternative spelling of 過ぎ (“excessively, form of 過ぎる (sugiru)”)

References
  1. Schuessler, Axel (2007). An Etymological Dictionary of Old Chinese. University of Hawaii Press. p. 479
  2. “杉・椙”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  3. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

杉 • (sam) (hangeul 삼, revised sam, McCune–Reischauer sam, Yale sam)

  1. (삼나무): Japanese cedar (cryptomeria)

Vietnamese

Han character

杉: Hán Nôm readings: sam, trinh

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References
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