拵える

Japanese

Kanji in this term
こしら
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Etymology

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.[1]

Reconstructed by Samuel Martin as Proto-Japonic *kəsirapu, a compound of Old Japanese elements (ko2, this) + 知ら (sira, the 未然形 (mizenkei, irrealis form) of 知る (siru, to know)) + (pu, auxiliary suffix).[2] However, this is very problematic semantically, considering that the attested senses for this verb have nothing to do with either "this" or .

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ko̞ɕiɾa̠e̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "こしらえる"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
こしらえる しらえる [kòshíráérú]
Imperative (命令形) こしらえろ しらえろ [kòshíráéró]
Key constructions
Passive こしらえられる しらえられる [kòshíráérárérú]
Causative こしらえさせる しらえさせる [kòshíráésásérú]
Potential こしらえられる しらえられる [kòshíráérárérú]
Volitional こしらえよう しらえよ [kòshíráéyóꜜò]
Negative こしらえない しらえない [kòshíráénáí]
Negative perfective こしらえなかった しらえなかった [kòshíráénáꜜkàttà]
Formal こしらえます しらえま [kòshíráémáꜜsù]
Perfective こしらえた しらえた [kòshíráétá]
Conjunctive こしらえて しらえて [kòshíráété]
Hypothetical conditional こしらえれば しらえれ [kòshíráéréꜜbà]

Verb

(こしら)える • (koshiraeru) transitive ichidan (stem (こしら) (koshirae), past (こしら)えた (koshiraeta))

  1. [from 720] to speak in such a way as to cause others to feel or do something
  2. [from early 1200s] to cook, to make food
    彼女(かのじょ)()どもに食事(しょくじ)をさっとこしらえた
    kanojo wa kodomo ni shokuji o satto koshiraeta
    She quickly made the children a meal
    サラダをこしらえる
    Sarada o koshiraeru.
    I make a salad.
  3. dress oneself up
  4. prepare
  5. manufacture
  6. have

Conjugation

References

  1. 拵・慰・喩・誘”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, Nihon Kokugo Daijiten) (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. Martin, Samuel E. (1987) The Japanese Language Through Time, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN
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