懈

懈	U+61C8, 懈 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-61C8

← 懇
[U+61C7]

CJK Unified Ideographs

應 →
[U+61C9]

Translingual

Han character

懈 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 心弓月手 (PNBQ), four-corner 9705₂, composition ⿰忄解)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 405, character 19
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11328
Dae Jaweon: page 745, character 30
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2362, character 7
Unihan data for U+61C8

Chinese

trad.		懈
simp. ^#		懈
alternative forms		解𠢲𢢣

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (解) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
薢	kreː, kreːʔ, *kreːs
解	kreːʔ, kreːs, ɡreːʔ, ɡreːs
檞	*kreːʔ
懈	*kreːs
繲	*kreːs
廨	*kreːs
蟹	*ɡreːʔ
獬	*ɡreːʔ
澥	*ɡreːʔ
嶰	*ɡreːʔ
邂	*ɡreːs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kreːs) : semantic 忄 + phonetic 解 (OC *kreːʔ, *kreːs, *ɡreːʔ, *ɡreːs).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xiè (xie⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄝˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): haai⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hai
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hāi

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiè
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siè
  - Wade–Giles: hsieh⁴
  - Yale: syè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shieh
  - Palladius: се (se)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: haai⁶
  - Yale: haaih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: haai⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: hai⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /haːi̯²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hai
  - Hakka Romanization System: hai
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hai⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /hai̯⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hāi
  - Tâi-lô: hāi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hai
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hai³³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hai⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hai²²/

Middle Chinese: keaH

Rime
Character	懈
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	佳 (31)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古隘切
Baxter	keaH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠɛ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚæ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kæi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaɨj^H/
Li Rong	/kɛ^H/
Wang Li	/kai^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/kai^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jià
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gaai³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kreːs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	懈
Reading #	1/1
No.	6477
Phonetic component	解
Rime group	支
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	懈
Old Chinese	/*kreːs/

Definitions

懈

(literary, or in compounds) lazy; slack; idle

Compounds

不懈 (bùxiè)
匪懈
合作無懈／合作无懈
堅持不懈／坚持不懈 (jiānchíbùxiè)
夙夜不懈
夙夜匪懈 (sùyèfěixiè)
奮鬥不懈／奋斗不懈
少懈
常備不懈／常备不懈
懈弛
懈怠 (xièdài)
懈意
懈慢
懈話／懈话
懈鬆／懈松
無懈可擊／无懈可击 (wúxièkějī)
鬆懈／松懈 (sōngxiè)

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01451
“懈”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

懈

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

laziness

Readings

Go-on: け (ke)
Kan-on: かい (kai)
Kan’yō-on: げ (ge)
Kun: おこたる (okotaru)

Compounds

懈怠

Korean

Hanja

懈 (eum 해 (hae))

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Vietnamese

Han character

懈: Hán Nôm readings: giải

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation

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