憫

See also: 悯

憫	U+61AB, 憫 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-61AB

← 憪
[U+61AA]

CJK Unified Ideographs

憬 →
[U+61AC]

Translingual

Han character

憫 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 心日弓大 (PANK), four-corner 9702₀, composition ⿰忄閔)

pity, sympathize with, grieve for

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 403, character 32

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11252

Dae Jaweon: page 744, character 1

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2357, character 4

Unihan data for U+61AB

Chinese

trad.		憫
simp.		悯
alternative forms		愍閔／闵

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (閔) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
憫	*mrɯnʔ
閔	*mrɯnʔ
潣	mrɯnʔ, mɯːlʔ
簢	*mrɯnʔ
燘	mɯːlʔ, hmɯːlʔ

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): mǐn (min³)

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄣˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): man⁵
Eastern Min (BUC): mīng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): bín

(Teochew, Peng'im): miêng²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: mǐn
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄣˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: mǐn
  - Wade–Giles: min³
  - Yale: mǐn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: miin
  - Palladius: минь (minʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /min²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: man⁵
  - Yale: máhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: man⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: men⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɐn¹³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: mīng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /miŋ³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bín
  - Tâi-lô: bín
  - Phofsit Daibuun: bien
  - IPA (Xiamen): /bin⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /bin⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /bin⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /bin⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /bin⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: miêng²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: miéng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mieŋ⁵²/

Middle Chinese: minX

Rime
Character	憫
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	眞 (44)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	眉殞切
Baxter	minX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mˠiɪn^X/
Pan Wuyun	/mᵚin^X/
Shao Rongfen	/mien^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mjin^X/
Li Rong	/mjĕn^X/
Wang Li	/mǐĕn^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/mi̯ĕn^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mǐn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	man⁵

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*mrə[n]ʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*mrɯnʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	憫
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mǐn
Middle Chinese	‹ min^X ›
Old Chinese	/*mrə[n]ʔ/
English	grieved
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	憫
Reading #	1/1
No.	9153
Phonetic component	閔
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	愍
Old Chinese	/*mrɯnʔ/

Definitions

憫

to sympathize; to pity; to feel compassion for
(literary) depressed; sorrowful

Compounds

其情可憫／其情可悯
垂憫／垂悯
悲天憫人／悲天悯人 (bēitiānmǐnrén)
悲憫／悲悯 (bēimǐn)
慈憫／慈悯
憫恤／悯恤
憫惻／悯恻
憐憫／怜悯 (liánmǐn)
憫然／悯然
矜憫／矜悯

Japanese

Kanji

憫

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: みん (min)
Kan-on: びん (bin)
Kun: あわれむ (awaremu, 憫れむ); うれえる (ureeru, 憫える)

Korean

Hanja

憫 (eumhun 민망 할 민 (minmanghal min))

Hanja form^? of 민 (“pity, sympathize with, grieve for”).

Vietnamese

Han character

憫: Hán Nôm readings: mẫn

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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