感慨

Chinese

		to feel; to move; to touch to feel; to move; to touch; to affect	generous; sad
trad. (感慨)		感	慨
simp. ^#(感慨)		感	慨
alternative forms		感嘅

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gǎnkǎi

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄢˇ ㄎㄞˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gam² koi³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kám-khói
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kám-khài

(Teochew, Peng'im): gam² kai³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gǎnkǎi [Phonetic: gánkǎi]
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄢˇ ㄎㄞˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gǎnkǎi
  - Wade–Giles: kan³-kʻai³
  - Yale: gǎn-kǎi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gaankae
  - Palladius: ганькай (ganʹkaj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kän²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    感嘅
    感慨
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gam² koi³
  - Yale: gám koi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gam² koi³
  - Guangdong Romanization: gem² koi³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐm³⁵ kʰɔːi̯³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kám-khói
  - Hakka Romanization System: gam` koi`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gam³ koi³
  - Sinological IPA: /kam³¹ kʰoi̯³¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kám-khài
  - Tâi-lô: kám-khài
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kafmqaix
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰai²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kʰai⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰai²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰai¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kʰai²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gam² kai³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kám khài
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kam⁵²⁻³⁵ kʰai²¹³/

Middle Chinese: komX khojH

Rime
Character	感	慨
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	覃 (159)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	古禫切	苦蓋切
Baxter	komX	khojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʌm^X/	/kʰʌi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kəm^X/	/kʰəi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kɒm^X/	/kʰɒi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kəm^X/	/kʰəj^H/
Li Rong	/kᴀm^X/	/kʰᴀi^H/
Wang Li	/kɒm^X/	/kʰɒi^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/kăm^X/	/kʰɑ̆i^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gǎn	kài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gam²	hoi³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤ[ə]mʔ [kʰ]ˤə[t]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*kɯːmʔ kʰɯːds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	感	慨
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gǎn	kài
Middle Chinese	‹ kom^X ›	‹ khoj^H ›
Old Chinese	/*kˁ[ə]mʔ/	/*[kʰ]ˁə[t]-s/
English	move (emotionally) (v.t.)	disappointed
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	感	慨
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	13498	5814
Phonetic component	咸	旡
Rime group	侵	隊
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	感	磕
Old Chinese	/*kɯːmʔ/	/*kʰɯːds/

Verb

感慨

to have a stirring of emotion and sigh with regret

Derived terms

感慨萬千／感慨万千
感慨系之

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (感慨):

→ Japanese: 感慨(かんがい) (kangai)
→ Korean: 감개(感慨) (gamgae)
→ Vietnamese: cảm khái (感慨)

See also

感嘆／感叹 (gǎntàn)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
感	慨
かん Grade: 3	がい Grade: S
on’yomi

Alternative spelling
感慨 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かんがい [kàńgáí] (Heiban – [0])[1]
IPA^(key): [kã̠ŋɡa̠i]

Noun

感(かん)慨(がい) • (kangai)

strong emotion, deep emotion

Derived terms

感慨一入
感慨無量
感慨深い

References

Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

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