尽くす

See also: 盡くす

Japanese
Kanji in this term
尽
つ
Grade: S
kun’yomi
Alternative spellings
盡くす (kyūjitai)
尽す

Etymology

From Old Japanese [script needed] (tukusu). Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE, spelled phonetically in man'yōgana as 都久須.[1]

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) つく​す [tsùkúꜜsù] (Nakadaka – [2])
  • IPA(key): [t͡sɨᵝkɯ̟ᵝsɨᵝ]
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "尽くす"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)		 尽くす つく​す [tsùkúꜜsù]
Imperative (命令形) 尽くせ つく​せ [tsùkúꜜsè]
Key constructions
Passive 尽くされる つくされ​る [tsùkúsáréꜜrù]
Causative 尽くさせる つくさせ​る [tsùkúsáséꜜrù]
Potential 尽くせる つくせ​る [tsùkúséꜜrù]
Volitional 尽くそう つくそ​ー [tsùkúsóꜜò]
Negative 尽くさない つくさ​ない [tsùkúsáꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 尽くさなかった つくさ​なかった [tsùkúsáꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 尽くします つくしま​す [tsùkúshímáꜜsù]
Perfective 尽くした つく​した [tsùkúꜜshìtà]
Conjunctive 尽くして つく​して [tsùkúꜜshìtè]
Hypothetical conditional 尽くせば つく​せば [tsùkúꜜsèbà]

Verb

尽(つ)くす • (tsukusu) godan (stem 尽(つ)くし (tsukushi), past 尽(つ)くした (tsukushita))

Japanese verb pair
active 尽くす
mediopassive 尽きる
  1. To exhaust; deplete; use up.
    • 1632, Diego Collado, Dictionarium Sive Thesauri Linguae Iaponicae Compendium:
      Exhaurio, is: agotar: tçucuxi, u.
      Exhaurio, is: agotar: tçucuxi, u.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  2. serve, assist

Conjugation
Conjugation of "尽くす" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 尽くさ つくさ tsukusa
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 尽くし つくし tsukushi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 尽くす つくす tsukusu
Rentaikei ("attributive") 尽くす つくす tsukusu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 尽くせ つくせ tsukuse
Meireikei ("imperative") 尽くせ つくせ tsukuse
Key constructions
Passive 尽くされる つくされる tsukusareru
Causative 尽くさせる
尽くさす		 つくさせる
つくさす		 tsukusaseru
tsukusasu
Potential 尽くせる つくせる tsukuseru
Volitional 尽くそう つくそう tsukusō
Negative 尽くさない つくさない tsukusanai
Negative continuative 尽くさず つくさず tsukusazu
Formal 尽くします つくします tsukushimasu
Perfective 尽くした つくした tsukushita
Conjunctive 尽くして つくして tsukushite
Hypothetical conditional 尽くせば つくせば tsukuseba
Classical conjugation of "尽くす" (サ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 尽くさつくさtukusa
Continuative (連用形) 尽くしつくしtukusi
Terminal (終止形) 尽くすつくすtukusu
Attributive (連体形) 尽くすつくすtukusu
Realis (已然形) 尽くせつくせtukuse
Imperative (命令形) 尽くせつくせtukuse
Key constructions
Negative 尽くさずつくさずtukusazu
Contrasting conjunction 尽くせどつくせどtukusedo
Causal conjunction 尽くせばつくせばtukuseba
Conditional conjunction 尽くさばつくさばtukusaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 尽くしきつくしきtukusiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 尽くしけりつくしけりtukusikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 尽くしつつくしつtukusitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 尽くしぬつくしぬtukusinu
Perfect-continuative tense 尽くせり
尽くしたり		つくせり
つくしたり		tukuseri
tukusitari
Volitional 尽くさむつくさむtukusamu

Suffix

尽(つ)くす • (-tsukusu) 

  1. to do to exhaustion, to do something completely
    言(い)い尽(つ)くす ― iitsukusu ― to say completely

Usage notes

Attach after the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei) of a verb.

References
  1. c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 18, poem 4122:
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