失礼

See also: 失禮

Chinese
For pronunciation and definitions of 失礼 – see 失禮 (“to lack manners; to be impolite; to breach etiquette; I'm sorry; excuse me”).
(This term is the simplified form of 失禮).
Notes:

Japanese
Kanji in this term
失 礼
しつ
Grade: 4		 れい
Grade: 3
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
失禮 (kyūjitai)

Etymology

Probably from Middle Chinese compound 失禮／失礼 (syit lejX, literally “lose, loss + propriety”). Compare modern Min Nan reading sit-lé.

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) しつ​れー [shìtsúꜜrèè] (Nakadaka – [2])[1][2]
  • IPA(key): [ɕi̥t͡sɨᵝɾe̞ː]

Adjective

失(しつ)礼(れい) • (shitsurei) -na (adnominal 失(しつ)礼(れい)な (shitsurei na), adverbial 失(しつ)礼(れい)に (shitsurei ni))

  1. rude, impolite, ill-mannered
    失(しつ)礼(れい)な人(ひと)。
    Shitsurei na hito.
    A rude person.
    そういう言(い)い方(かた)は失(しつ)礼(れい)だ。
    Sō iu iikata wa shitsurei da.
    It's impolite to say it like that.
    失(しつ)礼(れい)ですが。
    Shitsurei desu ga.
    It's a rudeness, but... → I don't mean to be rude, but...

Synonyms

Noun

失(しつ)礼(れい) • (shitsurei) 

  1. rudeness, impoliteness
    失(しつ)礼(れい)ですが。
    Shitsurei desu ga.
    It's a rudeness, but... → I don't mean to be rude, but...

Synonyms

Interjection

失(しつ)礼(れい) • (shitsurei) 

  1. I'm sorry, excuse me

Verb

失(しつ)礼(れい)する • (shitsurei suru) suru (stem 失(しつ)礼(れい)し (shitsurei shi), past 失(しつ)礼(れい)した (shitsurei shita))

  1. to be rude, to do something rude

Usage notes

Used idiomatically to mean excuse me or I'm sorry. Examples include:

失(しつ)礼(れい)しました。
Shitsurei shimashita.
I was rude → I'm sorry. (in reference to a past action)
では、失(しつ)礼(れい)します。
De wa, shitsurei shimasu.
I will be rude → Excuse me (said at the end of a phone call just before hanging up)
お先(さき)に失(しつ)礼(れい)します。
O-saki ni shitsurei shimasu.
I will be rude by doing something first → Excuse me, I'm leaving now. (before other people leave)

Conjugation
Conjugation of "失礼する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 失礼し しつれいし shitsurei shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 失礼し しつれいし shitsurei shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 失礼する しつれいする shitsurei suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 失礼する しつれいする shitsurei suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 失礼すれ しつれいすれ shitsurei sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 失礼せよ¹
失礼しろ²		 しつれいせよ¹
しつれいしろ²		 shitsurei seyo¹
shitsurei shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 失礼される しつれいされる shitsurei sareru
Causative 失礼させる
失礼さす		 しつれいさせる
しつれいさす		 shitsurei saseru
shitsurei sasu
Potential 失礼できる しつれいできる shitsurei dekiru
Volitional 失礼しよう しつれいしよう shitsurei shiyō
Negative 失礼しない しつれいしない shitsurei shinai
Negative continuative 失礼せず しつれいせず shitsurei sezu
Formal 失礼します しつれいします shitsurei shimasu
Perfective 失礼した しつれいした shitsurei shita
Conjunctive 失礼して しつれいして shitsurei shite
Hypothetical conditional 失礼すれば しつれいすれば shitsurei sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

See also

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
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