以上

Chinese

 
to use; according to; so as to
to use; according to; so as to; in order to; by; with; because; Israel (abbrev.)
 
up; on; on top
up; on; on top; upon; first; previous or last; upper; higher; above; previous; to climb; to go into; to go up
trad. (以上)
simp. #(以上)
alternative forms 已上 obsolete

Pronunciation


Noun

以上

  1. above; more than; over
  2. greater than or equal to
  3. above-mentioned; above

Usage notes

Unlike in Japanese, where the term unambiguously refers to an inclusive lower bound, in Chinese the interval may be inclusive or exclusive depending on context. According to the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China, legally speaking the interval is always inclusive: "民法所称的“以上”、“以下”、“以内”、“届满”,包括本数;所称的“不满”、“超过”、“以外”,不包括本数。"

Synonyms

Antonyms

Phrase

以上

  1. (usually Internet slang, influenced by Japanese) that's it; that's all (used at the end of a text to indicate that there is nothing further)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (以上):
  • Japanese: 以上(いじょう) (ijō)
  • Korean: 이상(以上) (isang)

Japanese

Kanji in this term

Grade: 4
じょう
Grade: 1
on’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

()(じょう) • (ijō) いじやう (izyau)?

  1. the aforementioned, the foregoing
  2. greater than or equal to
  3. (plain form verb) + 以上は: since, now that, so long as, once

Phrase

()(じょう) • (ijō) いじやう (izyau)?

  1. that's it. (used at the end of a text to indicate that there is nothing further)

References

  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
  1. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō
  2. Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, Nationwide Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term

Noun

以上 • (isang) (hangeul 이상)

  1. Hanja form? of 이상 (the aforementioned, the foregoing).
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