みたい
Japanese
Etymology 1
Shift from earlier 見たよう (mita yō, literally “as if [I] had seen”). Appears from the middle of the Meiji period.[1][2]
Alternative forms
- (informal, non-standard) みたい (mitai, i-adjective)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [mʲita̠i]
- In Tokyo speech, it is pronounced with a downstep after the first mora if the word it attaches to contains no downsteps.
Adjective
みたい • (mitai) -na (adnominal みたいな (mitai na na), adverbial みたいに (mitai ni ni))
- (auxiliary, informal) appended after the noun to mean -like, resembling
Inflection
Inflection of みたい
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | みたいだろ | mitai daro | |
Continuative (連用形) | みたいで | mitai de | |
Terminal (終止形) | みたいだ | mitai da | |
Attributive (連体形) | みたいな | mitai na | |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | みたいなら | mitai nara | |
Imperative (命令形) | みたいであれ | mitai de are | |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | みたいではない みたいじゃない |
mitai de wa nai mitai ja nai | |
Informal past | みたいだった | mitai datta | |
Informal negative past | みたいではなかった みたいじゃなかった |
mitai de wa nakatta mitai ja nakatta | |
Formal | みたいです | mitai desu | |
Formal negative | みたいではありません みたいじゃありません |
mitai de wa arimasen mitai ja arimasen | |
Formal past | みたいでした | mitai deshita | |
Formal negative past | みたいではありませんでした みたいじゃありませんでした |
mitai de wa arimasen deshita mitai ja arimasen deshita | |
Conjunctive | みたいで | mitai de | |
Conditional | みたいなら(ば) | mitai nara (ba) | |
Provisional | みたいだったら | mitai dattara | |
Volitional | みたいだろう | mitai darō | |
Adverbial | みたいに | mitai ni | |
Degree | みたいさ | mitaisa |
Etymology 2
Reanalysis of みたい (mitai, na-adjective).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [mʲita̠i]
Adjective
Usage notes
- Not used as the attributive: for example, *○○みたい人 (“person who is like X”) is not said.
- Especially visible as the adverbial みたく (mitaku), which is standardly みたいに (mitai ni).
Inflection
Inflection of みたい
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | みたかろ | mitakaro | |
Continuative (連用形) | みたく | mitaku | |
Terminal (終止形) | みたい | mitai | |
Attributive (連体形) | みたい | mitai | |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | みたけれ | mitakere | |
Imperative (命令形) | みたかれ | mitakare | |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | みたくない | mitaku nai | |
Informal past | みたかった | mitakatta | |
Informal negative past | みたくなかった | mitaku nakatta | |
Formal | みたいです | mitai desu | |
Formal negative | みたくないです | mitaku nai desu | |
Formal past | みたかったです | mitakatta desu | |
Formal negative past | みたくなかったです | mitaku nakatta desu | |
Conjunctive | みたくて | mitakute | |
Conditional | みたければ | mitakereba | |
Provisional | みたかったら | mitakattara | |
Volitional | みたかろう | mitakarō | |
Adverbial | みたく | mitaku | |
Degree | みたさ | mitasa |
Etymology 3
Alternative spelling |
---|
見たい |
References
- Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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