რუ
Georgian
Alternative forms
- რუვი (ruvi)
Etymology
From Old Georgian რუჲ (ruy), რუ (ru); see below.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ru/, [ɾu]
Inflection
Declension of რუ (see Georgian declension)
| singular | plural | archaic plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | რუ (ru) | რუები (ruebi) | რუნი (runi) |
| ergative | რუმ (rum) | რუებმა (ruebma) | რუთ(ა) (rut(a)) |
| dative | რუს(ა) (rus(a)) | რუებს(ა) (ruebs(a)) | რუთ(ა) (rut(a)) |
| genitive | რუს(ა) (rus(a)) | რუების(ა) (ruebis(a)) | რუთ(ა) (rut(a)) |
| instrumental | რუთ(ა) (rut(a)) | რუებით(ა) (ruebit(a)) | |
| adverbial | რუდ(ა) (rud(a)) | რუებად(ა) (ruebad(a)) | |
| vocative | რუვ (ruv) | რუებო (ruebo) | რუნო (runo) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. | |||
Postpositional inflection of რუ (see Georgian postpositions)
| postpositions taking a dative case | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| -ზე (on - ) | რუზე (ruze) | რუებზე (ruebze) |
| -თან (near - ) | რუსთან (rustan) | რუებთან (ruebtan) |
| -ში (in - ) | რუში (ruši) | რუებში (ruebši) |
| -ვით (like a - ) | რუსავით (rusavit) | რუებივით (ruebivit) |
| postpositions taking a genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (for - ) | რუსთვის (rustvis) | რუებისთვის (ruebistvis) |
| -ებრ (like a - ) | რუსებრ (rusebr) | რუებისებრ (ruebisebr) |
| -კენ (towards - ) | რუსკენ (rusḳen) | რუებისკენ (ruebisḳen) |
| -გან (from/of - ) | რუსგან (rusgan) | რუებისგან (ruebisgan) |
| postpositions taking an instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (from / since - ) | რუდან (rudan) | რუებიდან (ruebidan) |
| -ურთ (together with - ) | რუთურთ (ruturt) | რუებითურთ (ruebiturt) |
| postpositions taking an adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (up to - ) | რუმდე (rumde) | რუებამდე (ruebamde) |
Descendants
- → Bats: რუ (ru), რუვ (ruv)
Old Georgian
Alternative forms
- რუჲ (ruy)
Etymology
According to Klimov / Khalilov, an Iranian borrowing. Compare Persian رود (rud, “river, torrent”).
According to Ačaṙean, borrowed from the older form of Old Armenian առու (aṙu), before the addition of the prothetic ա- (a-)- to it.
References
- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “առու”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 265a
- Klimov, G. A., Xalilov, M. Š. (2003) Словарь кавказских языков. Сопоставление основной лексики [Dictionary of Caucasian Languages. A comparison of the Basic Vocabulary] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, →ISBN, pages 142, 208
- Abulaʒe, Ilia (1973) “რუ”, in Ʒveli kartuli enis leksiḳoni (masalebi) [Dictionary of Old Georgian (Materials)] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Metsniereba, page 349
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