გურია
Georgian
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Etymology
Origin is uncertain and no consensus exists on its etymology to this day. Some of the theories are:
- The word is of the same origin as ე-გრ-ისი (e-gr-isi, “Egrisi”) and მ-ე-გრ-ელ-ი (m-e-gr-el-i, “Mingrelian”). The fact that Guria was a historical region of Kingdom of Egrisi may be a proof of this. Marr, Javakhishvili and Ingorokva accept this etymology and reconstruct earlier *ეგურია (*eguria) (which developed from ეგრისი (egrisi) and into გურია (guria)).
- According to another theory, the stem can be traced back to the name of a tribe, *გვერ- (*gver-), which developed from earlier *ჰიბერ (*hiber), *ჰბერ (*hber) (whence იბერია (iberia)) and *ჰივერ (*hiver), *ჰვერ (*hver) (whence ივერია (iveria)). However, there is no historical account of such tribe in the ancient world.
- According to a less popular theory, the toponym developed from Mingrelian გურ-ი (gur-i, “heart”). Scholars claim, that Gurians were renown for their boldness and bitterness since the ancient times. Since the names of these qualities include the stem *გურ- (*gur-, “heart”) in Mingrelian (implying that these traits ascend from the heart of a man), this could be another indicator in this respect.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡuria/, [ɡ̊uɾia]
- Hyphenation: გუ‧რია
(file)
Inflection
Declension of გურია (see Georgian declension)
Postpositional inflection of გურია (see Georgian postpositions)
| postpositions taking a dative case | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| -ზე (on - ) | გურიაზე (guriaze) | |
| -თან (near - ) | გურიასთან (guriastan) | |
| -ში (in - ) | გურიაში (guriaši) | |
| -ვით (like a - ) | გურიასავით (guriasavit) | |
| postpositions taking a genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (for - ) | გურიისთვის (guriistvis) | |
| -ებრ (like a - ) | გურიისებრ (guriisebr) | |
| -კენ (towards - ) | გურიისკენ (guriisḳen) | |
| -გან (from/of - ) | გურიისგან (guriisgan) | |
| postpositions taking an instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (from / since - ) | გურიიდან (guriidan) | |
| -ურთ (together with - ) | გურიითურთ (guriiturt) | |
| postpositions taking an adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (up to - ) | გურიამდე (guriamde) |
Descendants
- English: Guria
References
- Bedošvili, Guram (2002) Kartul ṭoṗonimta ganmarṭebit-eṭimologiuri leksiḳoni [Dictionary of Georgian Geographical Names] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Bakur Sulakauri Publishing, →ISBN
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