กรุงเทพมหานคร

Thai

Etymology

From กรุง (grung, “city; city-state”) +‎ เทพ (têep, “god”) +‎ มหา (má-hǎa, “great; high”) +‎ นคร (ná-kɔɔn, “city; city-state”), literally “city of gods, great city”.

Pronunciation
Orthographicกรุงเทพมหานคร
k r u ŋ e d b m h ā n g r
Phonemic
กฺรุง-เทบ-มะ-หา-นะ-คอน
k ̥ r u ŋ – e d ɓ – m a – h ā – n a – g ɒ n
RomanizationPaiboongrung-têep-má-hǎa-ná-kɔɔn
Royal Institutekrung-thep-ma-ha-na-khon
(standard) IPA(key)/kruŋ˧.tʰeːp̚˥˩.ma˦˥.haː˩˩˦.na˦˥.kʰɔːn˧/(R)
Audio

Proper noun

กรุงเทพมหานคร • (grung-têep-má-hǎa-ná-kɔɔn)

  1. (historical) Ayutthaya Kingdom (a kingdom based in present-day Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province, Thailand)
  2. (historical) Thon Buri Kingdom (a kingdom based in present-day Thon Buri District, Thailand, the successor of Ayutthaya)
  3. (historical) Rattanakosin Kingdom (a kingdom based in present-day Bangkok, Thailand, the successor of Thon Buri)
  4. Bangkok (the capital city of Thailand)
    Synonyms: (abbreviation) กรุงเทพฯ (grung-têep), (colloquial) บางกอก (baang-gɔ̀ɔk)
  5. Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, the local government of Bangkok
    Synonym: (abbreviation) กทม. (gɔɔ-tɔɔ-mɔɔ)

Usage notes
  • The name has been used for Bangkok, the capital city of "Thailand", since 14 December 1972. The previous formal names of Bangkok include พระนคร (prá-ná-kɔɔn) (1865 – 22 December 1971) and นครหลวง (ná-kɔɔn-lǔuang) (22 December 1971 – 14 December 1972).

See also
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