کشتی
See also: كشنى
Khalaj
Persian
Etymology 1
From Middle Persian 𐭪𐭱𐭲𐭩𐭪𐭩 (kštyky /kaštīg/, “boat, ship”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [kaʃ.ˈtiː]
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [kʰɪʃ.t̪ʰíː]
- (Kabuli) IPA(key): [kʰɪʃ.t̪ʰíː]
- (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [kʰiʃ.t̪ʰí]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [kʰʲæʃ.t̪ʰíː]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [kʰiʃ.t̪ʰí]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | kaštī |
Dari reading? | kištī |
Iranian reading? | kašti |
Tajik reading? | kištī |
- (India) IPA(key): /kiʃˈtiː/
Derived terms
- کشتی شکسته (kašti šekaste)
- کشتی نوح (kašti-ye nuh)
Descendants
Etymology 2
From Parthian *kuštīg, from Proto-Iranian *kušti-, a t-extension of Proto-Iranian *kuši- (“side (of the body)”), from Proto-Indo-European *kuḱis (“(female) pubic hair; vulva”), from *kew-k-, from *kew- (“to be concave or convex”).[1] Doublet of کستی (kosti, “sacred Zoroastrian waist-girdle”), which was inherited,[2] as well as with کس (kos, “vulva”); outside of Iranian, cognate with Sanskrit कुक्षि (kukṣi, “belly, interior, womb”) and Lithuanian kūšỹs (“pubic hair; vulva”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [kuʃ.tiː]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [kʰoʃ.t̪ʰiː]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | kuštī |
Iranian reading? | košti |
Derived terms
- کشتی آزاد (košti-ye âzâd)
- کشتی فرنگی (košti-ye farangi)
- کشتی گرفتن (košti gereftan)
- کشتیگیر (košti-gir)
Descendants
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [kiʃ.tiː]
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [kʰɪʃ.t̪ʰiː]
- (Kabuli) IPA(key): [kʰɪʃ.t̪ʰiː]
- (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [kʰiʃ.t̪ʰi]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [kʰʲeʃ.t̪ʰiː]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [kʰiʃ.t̪ʰi]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | kištī |
Dari reading? | kištī |
Iranian reading? | kešti |
Tajik reading? | kišti |
References
- Edelʹman, D. I. (2011) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 411-2
- Chehabi, Houchang (2018) “Wrestling in the Shahnameh and Later Persian Epics”, in The Layered Heart: Essays on Persian Poetry, →ISBN, pages 241—242
Punjabi
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian کشتی (kaštī, kištī).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Punjabi) IPA(key): /kəʃ.t̪iː/
- Rhymes: -iː
- Hyphenation: کَش‧تی
Urdu
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Classical Persian کشتی (kaštī, kištī).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /kɪʃ.t̪iː/
- (Punjabic Urdu, Delhi Urdu) IPA(key): [kəʃ.t̪iː]
- Rhymes: -iː
- Hyphenation: کِش‧تی
Declension
Declension of کشتی | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
direct | کشتی (kiśtī) | کشتیاں (kiśtiyā̃) |
oblique | کشتی (kiśtī) | کشتیوں (kiśtiyō̃) |
vocative | کشتی (kiśtī) | کشتیو (kiśtiyō) |
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Classical Persian کشتی (kuštī).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /kʊʃ.t̪iː/
- Rhymes: -iː
- Hyphenation: کُش‧تی
Declension
Declension of کشتی | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
direct | کشتی (kuśtī) | کشتیاں (kuśtiyā̃) |
oblique | کشتی (kuśtī) | کشتیوں (kuśtiyō̃) |
vocative | کشتی (kuśtī) | کشتیو (kuśtiyō) |
Further reading
- “کشتی”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
- “کشتی”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
- Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “کشتی”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
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