عدن

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ع د ن (ʕ-d-n)

The sense “Eden” is a borrowing from Biblical Hebrew עֵדֶן (ʿḗden). The meaning “to stay, to remain” appears to be denominal verb of عِدَّان (ʕiddān, set time; set place of staying), with it of use particular to Bedouins, only the meaning “to strike” the original Arabic meaning, whence transferred “to break up the soil to manure”.

Proper noun

عَدْن • (ʕadn) m

  1. Eden
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 98:8:
      جَزَاؤُهُمْ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ جَنَّٰتُ عَدْنٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا ٱلْأَنْهَٰرُ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَا أَبَدًا
      jazāʔuhum ʕinda rabbihim jannātu ʕadnin tajrī min taḥtihā l-ʔanhāru ḵālidīna fīhā ʔabadan
      Their reward is with their Lord - the gardens of Eden [with] rivers running beneath them - wherein they abide forever.
    • 1865 CE, Bible (SVD), Book of Genesis, 2:10:
      وَكَانَ نَهْرٌ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ عَدْنٍ لِيَسْقِيَ ٱلْجَنَّةَ، وَمِنْ هُنَاكَ يَنْقَسِمُ فَيَصِيرُ أَرْبَعَةَ رُؤُوسٍ.
      wakāna nahrun yaḵruju min ʕadnin liyasqiya l-jannata, wamin hunāka yanqasimu fayaṣīru ʔarbaʕata ruʔūsin.
      And a river is going out from Eden to water the garden, and from there it is parted, and has become four chief [rivers];
Declension

Proper noun

عَدَن • (ʕadan) m

  1. Aden (a port city in Yemen)
Declension

Verb

عَدَنَ • (ʕadana) I, non-past يَعْدِنُ or يَعْدُنُ‎ (yaʕdinu or yaʕdunu)

  1. to stay, to bide, to remain
  2. to strike sharply with a hoe or the like
  3. to dung, to manure, to fertilize
Conjugation

Verb

عَدَّنَ • (ʕaddana) II, non-past يُعَدِّنُ‎ (yuʕaddinu)

  1. to dung, to manure, to fertilize
  2. to strike sharply (e.g. with the miner’s pickaxe صَاقُور (ṣāqūr)), to mine in
Conjugation

Noun

عَدْن • (ʕadn) m

  1. verbal noun of عَدَنَ (ʕadana) (form I)
Declension

Noun

عَدَن • (ʕadan) m (collective, singulative عَدَنَة f (ʕadana))

  1. (Yemen, Jazan) Adenium gen. et spp.
    • 2018 April 13, “زهرة عدن [Adenium Obesum]”, in EcoFoci:
      وتعرف أيضا بشجرة عدنة وهي نبات معمر يتواجد في المناطق الجبلية وشبه الجبلية كجزيرة سوقطرى في اليمن ومدينة جازان في السعودية كما توجد كذلك في الهند والصين وبورما.
      It is also known as ʿadana-tree and it is a perennial plant found in mountainous and semi-mountainous regions like Socotra, in Yemen, in the city of Jazan in Saudi-Arabia, and also India, China and Burma.
Declension

Verb

عُدْنَ • (ʕudna) (form I)

  1. second-person feminine plural active imperative of عَادَ (ʕāda)
  2. third-person feminine plural past active of عَادَ (ʕāda)

Verb

عِدْنَ • (ʕidna) (form I)

  1. second-person feminine plural active imperative of وَعَدَ (waʕada)
  2. third-person feminine plural past passive of عَادَ (ʕāda)

Persian

Pronunciation

 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [ʔä.d̪ǽn]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [ʔä.d̪ǽn]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [ʔä.d̪ǽn]

Readings
Classical reading? aḏan
Dari reading? adan
Iranian reading? adan
Tajik reading? adan

Proper noun

عدن • ('adan)

  1. Eden
    باغ عدنbâğ-e 'adanthe Garden of Eden
  2. Aden (a city in Yemen)
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