شکر

See also: ش ك ر, شكر, شڪر, سکر, سكر, and سكز

Azerbaijani

Noun

شکر

  1. Arabic spelling of şəkər

Baluchi

Noun

شَکَر • (šakar)

  1. sugar

See also

Mazanderani

Noun

شکر (šaker)

  1. sugar

Pashto

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic شُكْر (šukr).

Noun

شکر • (šukr) m

  1. gratitude, thanks

Further reading
  • Bellew, Henry Walter (1867) “شکر”, in A Dictionary of the Pukkhto or Pukshto Language‎, London: Allen, page 103

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian 𐭱𐭪𐭥 (škʿ /⁠šakar⁠/), from Gandhari 𐨭𐨐𐨪 (śakara), from Sanskrit शर्करा (śárkarā, “ground or candied sugar, originally meaning grit, gravel”).

Pronunciation
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [ʃäk.kʰǽɾ], [ʃä.kʰǽɾ]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [ʃäk.kʰǽɾ], [ʃä.kʰǽɾ], [ʃɪ.kʰǽɾ]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [ʃäk.kʰǽɾ], [ʃä.kʰǽɾ], [ʃi.kʰǽɾ]
 
  • (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʃækʲ.kʰʲǽɹ], [ʃæ.kʰʲǽɹ], [ʃe.kʰʲǽɹ]
    • (Tehrani) IPA(key): [ʃe.kʰʲǽɹ]

Readings
Classical reading? šakkar, šakar
Dari reading? šakkar, šakar
Iranian reading? šakkar, šakar, šekar
Tajik reading? šakar

Noun
Dari شکر
Iranian Persian
Tajik шакар

شَکَر or شَکَّر or شِکَر • (šakar or šakkar or šekar)

  1. sugar
  2. (figurative) sweet, beautiful speech
    • 1915, Muhammad Iqbal, اسرار خودی [The Secrets of the Self]:
      گرچه هندی در عذوبت شکر است، طرز گفتار دری شیرین‌تر است.
      garče hendi dar 'ozubat šekar ast, tarz-e goftâr-e dari širin-tar ast.
      Though the Indian [language, i.e. Urdu] is sugar in its sweetness, the way of Dari [i.e. Persian] speech is sweeter yet.
Derived terms
  • شکرشکن (šakar-šakan, šakkar-šakan, šekar-šakan, “mellifluous”, literally “sugar-breaking”)
  • شکری (šakari, šakkari, šekari)
Descendants

(See also the entries at Middle Persian škl and Arabic سُكَّر (sukkar) for descendants from Middle Persian)

  • → Azerbaijani: şəkər
  • → Baluchi: شکر (šakkal)
  • → Bashkir: шәкәр (şəkər)
  • → Chagatai: شکر
    • Uyghur: شەكەر (sheker)
    • Uzbek: shakar
  • → Chechen: шекар (šekar)
  • → Hindustani:
  • → Karachay-Balkar: шекер (şeker)
  • → Kazakh: шекер (şeker)
  • → Kumyk: шекер (şeker)
  • → Kyrgyz: шекер (şeker)
  • → Proto-Mongolic: *šiker
    • Buryat: шэхэр (šexer)
    • East Yugur: shigir
    • Middle Mongol:
      • Mongolian: ᠰᠢᠬᠢᠷ (sikir), ᠰᠢᠬᠡᠷ (siker), ᠴᠢᠬᠢᠷ (čikir)
        • Khalkha: чихэр (čixer)
        • Jerim: /ʃixər/
        • Juu Uda:
          • Baarin: /ʃixər/
          • Aru Khorchin: /t͡ʃʰixər/
        • Ulan Tsab: /t͡ʃixər/, /t͡ʃʰixər/
        • Shilingol: /t͡ʃixər/
        • Ordos: /ʃikxər/
      • → Arabic: شيكر (šiker, šikir)
      • → Chinese: 扯克兒／扯克儿 (čeker) (Beilu Yiyu)
      • → Uyghur: شېكەر (shëker)
    • Written Oirat:
  • → Ossetian: сӕкӕр (sækær)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: شكر (şeker)
  • → Pashto: شکره (šakᶕra)
  • → Punjabi:
  • → Shor: сакер (saker)
  • → Sindhi: شَڪَرِ (śakari)
  • → Tatar: шикәр (şikär)
  • → Turkmen: şeker

Further reading
  • Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “شکر”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic شُكْر (šukr).

Pronunciation
 

Readings
Classical reading? šukr
Dari reading? šukr
Iranian reading? šokr
Tajik reading? šukr

Noun
Dari شکر
Iranian Persian
Tajik шукр

شُکر • (šokr)

  1. (especially religion) thankfulness, gratitude
    شکر کردن ― šokr kardan ― to thank God
    خدا را شکر! ― xodâ râ šokr! ― Thank God!

Further reading
  • Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “شکر”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

Punjabi

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian شکر (šakar, “sugar”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ʃəkː(ə)ɾ/

Noun

شَکَّر • (śakkar) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸ਼ੱਕਰ)

  1. sugar
Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Further reading
  • Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “شکّر”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic شُكْر (šukr).

Noun

شُکْر • (śukr) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸ਼ੁਕਰ)

  1. thankfulness, gratitude
Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms

Further reading
  • Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “شُکر”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz

Urdu

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian شکر (šakar, “sugar”).

Pronunciation

Noun

شَکَر • (śakar) m (Hindi spelling शक्कर)

  1. sugar
Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Etymology 2

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit शुक्र (śukra). Doublet of سرخ (surx).

Pronunciation

Adjective

شُکْرَ • (śukra) (Hindi spelling शुक्र)

  1. bright

Proper noun

شُکْرَ • (śukra) m (Hindi spelling शुक्र)

  1. Venus

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Arabic شُكْر (šukr).

Pronunciation

Noun

شُکْر • (śukr) m (Hindi spelling शुक्र)

  1. thankfulness, gratitude
Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms

Further reading
  • Platts, John T. (1884) “شکر”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
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