شمر

See also: سمر

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ش م ر (š-m-r)

Verb

شَمَرَ • (šamara) I, non-past يَشْمُرُ‎ (yašmuru)

  1. to tuck up, to raise
Conjugation

Verb

شَمَّرَ • (šammara) II, non-past يُشَمِّرُ‎ (yušammiru)

  1. to tuck up, to raise
Conjugation

Noun

شَمْر • (šamr) m

  1. verbal noun of شَمَرَ (šamara) (form I)
Declension

Adjective

شِمْر • (šimr) (rare)

  1. light, agile, active, swift
Declension

Etymology 2

From Aramaic, where attested forms include Jewish Babylonian Aramaic סִמְרָא, סִימְרָא (simrā), absolute state סְמַר (smar), Jewish Palestinian Aramaic שומרא (šummārā), Classical Syriac ܫܲܡܵܪܵܐ (šammārā) and ܫܘܼܡܵܪܵܐ (šummārā), all meaning fennel, deriving from Akkadian 𒌑𒄩 (šimru, simru, fennel), also found in Hebrew שֻׁמָּר (šummā́r, fennel) and שָׁמִיר (šāmī́r, dill), and likely Ugaritic 𐎘𐎎𐎗 (ṯmr, likely fennel). Related to Old Armenian շամրայ (šamray), շումրայ (šumray), a Semitic borrowing.

Alternative forms

Noun

شَمَر • (šamar) m

  1. fennel (Foeniculum gen.)
    Synonyms: رَازِيَانَج (rāziyānaj), بَسْبَاس (basbās)
  2. dill (Anethum graveolens)
    Synonym: رَازِيَانَج (rāziyānaj)
Declension

Etymology 3

From Old South Arabian 𐩦𐩣𐩧 (s²mr), occurring already BCE, in the earliest Middle Sabaean inscriptions.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʃam.mar/

Noun

شَمَّر • (šammar) m

  1. the Arabic tribe of Shammar
  2. ellipsis of إِمَارَةُ جَبَلِ شَمَّرَ (ʔimāratu jabali šammara, Emirate of Jabal Shammar, a state derived from the tribe).
Declension
Derived terms
  • جَبَل شَمَّر (jabal šammar)
    • إِمَارَة جَبَل شَمَّر (ʔimāra(t) jabal šammar)

References

  • Freytag, Georg (1833) “شمر”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 449
  • Lane, Edward William (1863) “شمر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 1595–1596
  • Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden (in German), volume 3, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 460–465
  • Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “شمر”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, pages 673–674

Persian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *swem(bh)- (to be unsteady, swim).

Noun

Dari شمر
Iranian Persian
Tajik шамар

شمر • (šamar)

  1. pond

Verb

Dari شمر
Iranian Persian
Tajik шумур

شمر • (šemor)

  1. present stem form of شمردن

Etymology 3

From Arabic شِمْر (šimr).

Proper noun

شمر • (šemr)

  1. (Islam) Shemr, who is held responsible by followers of Shi'a Islam for the murder of Hussein ibn Ali at the battle of Karbala.
  2. (by extension) A wicked person.
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