سيف

See also: سيق and شيق

Arabic

Etymology

Related to Ancient Greek ξίφος (xíphos); either a loan, or from a common original source. The same word is probably preserved in Egyptian zft, Coptic ⲥⲏϥⲉ (sēfe). Dümichen (1867) suggested an Old Semitic saïf or sêf, Myres (1930) a possible Libyan or "Sea Peoples" word. The root س ي ف (s-y-f) is denominal.

Compare Hebrew סיף (sayif).

Pronunciation 1

Noun

سَيْف • (sayf) m (plural سُيُوف (suyūf) or أَسْيَاف (ʔasyāf) or أَسْيُف (ʔasyuf))

  1. sword, sabre, foil, rapier, scimitar
Declension
Declension of noun سَيْف (sayf)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal سَيْف
sayf		 السَّيْف
as-sayf		 سَيْف
sayf
Nominative سَيْفٌ
sayfun		 السَّيْفُ
as-sayfu		 سَيْفُ
sayfu
Accusative سَيْفًا
sayfan		 السَّيْفَ
as-sayfa		 سَيْفَ
sayfa
Genitive سَيْفٍ
sayfin		 السَّيْفِ
as-sayfi		 سَيْفِ
sayfi
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal سَيْفَيْن
sayfayn		 السَّيْفَيْن
as-sayfayn		 سَيْفَيْ
sayfay
Nominative سَيْفَانِ
sayfāni		 السَّيْفَانِ
as-sayfāni		 سَيْفَا
sayfā
Accusative سَيْفَيْنِ
sayfayni		 السَّيْفَيْنِ
as-sayfayni		 سَيْفَيْ
sayfay
Genitive سَيْفَيْنِ
sayfayni		 السَّيْفَيْنِ
as-sayfayni		 سَيْفَيْ
sayfay
Plural basic broken plural triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal سُيُوف‎; أَسْيَاف‎; أَسْيُف
suyūf‎; ʔasyāf‎; ʔasyuf		 السُّيُوف‎; الْأَسْيَاف‎; الْأَسْيُف
as-suyūf‎; al-ʔasyāf‎; al-ʔasyuf		 سُيُوف‎; أَسْيَاف‎; أَسْيُف
suyūf‎; ʔasyāf‎; ʔasyuf
Nominative سُيُوفٌ‎; أَسْيَافٌ‎; أَسْيُفٌ
suyūfun‎; ʔasyāfun‎; ʔasyufun		 السُّيُوفُ‎; الْأَسْيَافُ‎; الْأَسْيُفُ
as-suyūfu‎; al-ʔasyāfu‎; al-ʔasyufu		 سُيُوفُ‎; أَسْيَافُ‎; أَسْيُفُ
suyūfu‎; ʔasyāfu‎; ʔasyufu
Accusative سُيُوفًا‎; أَسْيَافًا‎; أَسْيُفًا
suyūfan‎; ʔasyāfan‎; ʔasyufan		 السُّيُوفَ‎; الْأَسْيَافَ‎; الْأَسْيُفَ
as-suyūfa‎; al-ʔasyāfa‎; al-ʔasyufa		 سُيُوفَ‎; أَسْيَافَ‎; أَسْيُفَ
suyūfa‎; ʔasyāfa‎; ʔasyufa
Genitive سُيُوفٍ‎; أَسْيَافٍ‎; أَسْيُفٍ
suyūfin‎; ʔasyāfin‎; ʔasyufin		 السُّيُوفِ‎; الْأَسْيَافِ‎; الْأَسْيُفِ
as-suyūfi‎; al-ʔasyāfi‎; al-ʔasyufi		 سُيُوفِ‎; أَسْيَافِ‎; أَسْيُفِ
suyūfi‎; ʔasyāfi‎; ʔasyufi
Descendants
  • Gulf Arabic: سيف (sēf)
  • Moroccan Arabic: سيف (sayf, sīf)
  • Maltese: sejf
  • → Amharic: ሰይፍ (säyf)
  • → English: seif, Saiph
  • → Ottoman Turkish: سیف (seyf)
  • → Persian: سیف (seyf)
  • → Tajik: сайф (sayf)

Pronunciation 2
  • IPA(key): /siːf/

Noun

سِيف • (sīf) m (plural أَسْيَاف (ʔasyāf))

  1. coast
  2. riverbank
  3. shore
Declension
Declension of noun سِيف (sīf)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal سِيف
sīf		 السِّيف
as-sīf		 سِيف
sīf
Nominative سِيفٌ
sīfun		 السِّيفُ
as-sīfu		 سِيفُ
sīfu
Accusative سِيفًا
sīfan		 السِّيفَ
as-sīfa		 سِيفَ
sīfa
Genitive سِيفٍ
sīfin		 السِّيفِ
as-sīfi		 سِيفِ
sīfi
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal سِيفَيْن
sīfayn		 السِّيفَيْن
as-sīfayn		 سِيفَيْ
sīfay
Nominative سِيفَانِ
sīfāni		 السِّيفَانِ
as-sīfāni		 سِيفَا
sīfā
Accusative سِيفَيْنِ
sīfayni		 السِّيفَيْنِ
as-sīfayni		 سِيفَيْ
sīfay
Genitive سِيفَيْنِ
sīfayni		 السِّيفَيْنِ
as-sīfayni		 سِيفَيْ
sīfay
Plural basic broken plural triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal أَسْيَاف
ʔasyāf		 الْأَسْيَاف
al-ʔasyāf		 أَسْيَاف
ʔasyāf
Nominative أَسْيَافٌ
ʔasyāfun		 الْأَسْيَافُ
al-ʔasyāfu		 أَسْيَافُ
ʔasyāfu
Accusative أَسْيَافًا
ʔasyāfan		 الْأَسْيَافَ
al-ʔasyāfa		 أَسْيَافَ
ʔasyāfa
Genitive أَسْيَافٍ
ʔasyāfin		 الْأَسْيَافِ
al-ʔasyāfi		 أَسْيَافِ
ʔasyāfi
Descendants

References
  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “س ي ف”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Hijazi Arabic
Root
س ي ف
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic سَيْف (sayf).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /seːf/, [se̞ːf]

Noun

سيف • (sēf) m (plural سِيُوف (siyūf))

  1. sword

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic سَيْف (sayf).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /sajf/, /siːf/
  • Audio(file)

Noun

سيف • (sayf, sīf) m (plural سيوف (syūf) or سيوفة (syūfa))

  1. sword, sabre

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic سَيْف (sayf).

Noun

سيف • (sēf) m (plural سيوف (syūf))

  1. sword
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