دنيا

See also: دنیا

Arabic

Etymology

From the root د ن و (d-n-w) or د ن ي (d-n-y). Feminine elative of أَدْنَى (ʔadnā, “lower”). دُنيَا (“world”) is originally the "lower place" (as opposed to heaven, the "higher place"); compare English here below.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /dun.jaː/

Adjective

دُنْيَا • (dunyā) f

  1. feminine singular of أَدْنَى (ʔadnā, “lower”)

Noun

دُنْيَا • (dunyā) f (dual دُنْيَيَان (dunyayān), plural دُنًا (dunan) or دُنًى (dunan) or دُنْيَيَات (dunyayāt))

  1. this mortal life; life in this world
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 3:145:
      وَمَن يُرِدْ ثَوَابَ ٱلدُّنْيَا نُؤْتِهِ مِنْهَا وَمَن يُرِدْ ثَوَابَ ٱلْآخِرَةِ نُؤْتِهِ مِنْهَا ۚ وَسَنَجْزِي ٱلشَّاكِرِينَ
      waman yurid ṯawāba d-dunyā nuʔtihi minhā waman yurid ṯawāba l-ʔāḵirati nuʔtihi minhā wasanajzī š-šākirīna
      And whoever desires the reward of this world - We will give him thereof; and whoever desires the reward of the Hereafter - We will give him thereof. And We will reward the grateful.
  2. world (the Earth, or any this-worldly habitat, excluding the next world)

Declension
Declension of noun دُنْيَا (dunyā)
Singular singular invariable
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal دُنْيَا
dunyā		 الدُّنْيَا
ad-dunyā		 دُنْيَا
dunyā
Nominative دُنْيَا
dunyā		 الدُّنْيَا
ad-dunyā		 دُنْيَا
dunyā
Accusative دُنْيَا
dunyā		 الدُّنْيَا
ad-dunyā		 دُنْيَا
dunyā
Genitive دُنْيَا
dunyā		 الدُّنْيَا
ad-dunyā		 دُنْيَا
dunyā
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal دُنْيَيَيْن
dunyayayn		 الدُّنْيَيَيْن
ad-dunyayayn		 دُنْيَيَيْ
dunyayay
Nominative دُنْيَيَانِ
dunyayāni		 الدُّنْيَيَانِ
ad-dunyayāni		 دُنْيَيَا
dunyayā
Accusative دُنْيَيَيْنِ
dunyayayni		 الدُّنْيَيَيْنِ
ad-dunyayayni		 دُنْيَيَيْ
dunyayay
Genitive دُنْيَيَيْنِ
dunyayayni		 الدُّنْيَيَيْنِ
ad-dunyayayni		 دُنْيَيَيْ
dunyayay
Plural broken plural in ـًا (-an)‎; broken plural in ـًى (-an)‎; sound feminine plural
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal دُنَا‎; دُنَى‎; دُنْيَيَات
dunā‎; dunā‎; dunyayāt		 الدُّنَا‎; الدُّنَى‎; الدُّنْيَيَات
ad-dunā‎; ad-dunā‎; ad-dunyayāt		 دُنَا‎; دُنَى‎; دُنْيَيَات
dunā‎; dunā‎; dunyayāt
Nominative دُنًا‎; دُنًى‎; دُنْيَيَاتٌ
dunan‎; dunan‎; dunyayātun		 الدُّنَا‎; الدُّنَى‎; الدُّنْيَيَاتُ
ad-dunā‎; ad-dunā‎; ad-dunyayātu		 دُنَا‎; دُنَى‎; دُنْيَيَاتُ
dunā‎; dunā‎; dunyayātu
Accusative دُنًا‎; دُنًى‎; دُنْيَيَاتٍ
dunan‎; dunan‎; dunyayātin		 الدُّنَا‎; الدُّنَى‎; الدُّنْيَيَاتِ
ad-dunā‎; ad-dunā‎; ad-dunyayāti		 دُنَا‎; دُنَى‎; دُنْيَيَاتِ
dunā‎; dunā‎; dunyayāti
Genitive دُنًا‎; دُنًى‎; دُنْيَيَاتٍ
dunan‎; dunan‎; dunyayātin		 الدُّنَا‎; الدُّنَى‎; الدُّنْيَيَاتِ
ad-dunā‎; ad-dunā‎; ad-dunyayāti		 دُنَا‎; دُنَى‎; دُنْيَيَاتِ
dunā‎; dunā‎; dunyayāti

Antonyms

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Gulf Arabic: دنيا (dinya)
  • Hijazi Arabic: دُنيا (dunya)
  • Maltese: dinja
  • Moroccan Arabic: دنيا (dunya, dinya)
  • North Levantine Arabic: دني (dini), دنيي (dinyi), دنيا (dinya)
  • → Classical Persian: دنیا (dunyā) (see there for further descendants)
  • → Daba: dúnyà
  • → Karo Batak: doni
  • → Hausa: dūniyā̀
  • → Indonesian: dunia
  • → Javanese: donya
  • → Kabyle: ddunit
  • → Laki: دنیا (dinya)
  • → Malay: dunia
  • → Minangkabau: dunia
  • → Northern Kurdish: dinya
  • → Ottoman Turkish: دنیا (dunyā /⁠dünya⁠/) (see there for further descendants)
  • → Sasak: dunie
  • → Somali: dunida
  • → Sundanese: dunya
  • → Swahili: dunia
  • → Tashelhit: ddunit
  • → Yoruba: dúníyàn

From الدُّنْيَا (ad-dunyā):

References
  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “دنو”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Bulgar

Etymology

From Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā).

Noun

دنيا (dönyā)

  1. (Volga Bulgar) world

Descendants

References
  • Hakimzjanov, Farid Sabirzjanovich (1976) “New Volga Bulgarian Inscriptions”, in Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae‎ (in Bulgar), volume 40, number 1, page 174

Gujarati

Noun

دنيا • (dunyā) f (Lisan ud-Dawat)

  1. Arabic spelling of દુનિયા (duniyā)

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /dun.ja/, /din.ja/
  • Audio(file)

Noun

دُنيا or دِنيا • (dunya or dinya) f (plural دُنيات (dunyāt) or دِنيات (dinyāt))

  1. world, earth
    Synonym: عالم (ʕālam)
    هاد الراجل هو أسرع واحد فهاد الدنيا
    hād er-rājel huwwa ʔasraʕ wāḥed f-hād ed-dunya
    This man is the fastest in the world.
  2. it; things; everything; used to refer to general states and circumstances
    الدنيا مغيمة غدا ― ed-dunya mḡayyma ḡadda ― It'll be cloudy tomorrow.
    الدنيا عامرة اليوم فهاد المحال ― ed-dunya ʕāmra f-hād el-maḥāl ― This store is crowded today.

South Levantine Arabic
Root
د ن و
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā). Equivalent to the feminine elative of أدنى (ʔadna, “lower, lowest”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /din.ja/, [ˈdɪn.ja]
  • Audio (Ramallah)(file)

Noun

دنيا • (dinya) f

  1. world
    Synonym: عالم (ʕālam)
  2. this world (opposed to the hereafter)
    Antonym: آخرة (ʔāḵre)
  3. it (dummy subject for the weather and seasons)

Usage notes
  • When describing the weather, الدنيا (id-dinya) is followed by a noun rather than an adjective.
    الدنيا شوب.
    id-dinya šōb.
    It's hot (outside).
    (literally, “The world is heat.”)
  • When used with a verb الدنيا (id-dinya) is optional, but the verb remains in the 3rd person feminine singular.
    (الدنيا) عم بتشتي.
    (id-dinya) ʕam bitšatti.
    It's raining.
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