خلق

See also: خلف, حلق, جلق, and خ ل ق

Arabic

Root
خ ل ق (ḵ-l-q)

Pronunciation 1

  • IPA(key): /xa.la.qa/

Verb

خَلَقَ • (ḵalaqa) I, non-past يَخْلُقُ‎ (yaḵluqu)

  1. to create, to make
  2. to shape, to form
Conjugation
Descendants
  • Lishana Deni: כלאקא (xalāqa)

Verb

خَلُقَ • (ḵaluqa) I, non-past يَخْلُقُ‎ (yaḵluqu)
خَلِقَ • (ḵaliqa) I, non-past يَخْلَقُ‎ (yaḵlaqu)
خَلَقَ • (ḵalaqa) I, non-past يَخْلُقُ‎ (yaḵluqu)

  1. to be old and worn out (of a garment)
Conjugation

Verb

خَلُقَ • (ḵaluqa) I, non-past يَخْلُقُ‎ (yaḵluqu)

  1. to be suitable, be fit
Conjugation

Pronunciation 2

  • IPA(key): /xal.la.qa/

Verb

خَلَّقَ • (ḵallaqa) II, non-past يُخَلِّقُ‎ (yuḵalliqu)

  1. to perfume
Conjugation

Pronunciation 3

  • IPA(key): /xalq/

Noun

خَلْق • (ḵalq) m

  1. verbal noun of خَلَقَ (ḵalaqa) (form I)
  2. creation
  3. (collective) creation (all which exists), creatures
  4. (collective) people
    • 10th century, Al-Mutanabbi :
      أَنَامُ مِلْءَ جُفُونِي عَنْ شَوارِدِهَا / وَيَسْهَرُ الْخَلْقُ جَرَّاهَا وَيَخْتَصِمُ
      ʔanāmu milʔa jufūnī ʕan šawāridihā / wayasharu al-ḵalqu jarrāhā wayaḵtaṣimu
  5. pleb, plebeian
Declension
Descendants

Noun

خَلَق • (ḵalaq) m or f (plural خُلْقَان (ḵulqān) or أَخْلَاق (ʔaḵlāq))

  1. verbal noun of خَلِقَ (ḵaliqa) (form I)
  2. rags
  3. old age
  4. men, people
Declension

Adjective

خَلَق • (ḵalaq) (feminine خَلَق (ḵalaq), common plural خُلْقَان (ḵulqān) or أَخْلَاق (ʔaḵlāq))

  1. worn, threadbare
Declension

Noun

خُلُق • (ḵuluq) m (dual خُلُقَانِ (ḵuluqāni), plural أَخْلَاق (ʔaḵlāq))

  1. natural disposition, character, nature
  2. inborn quality
  3. manners, character
  4. morals, morality
    • (Can we date this quote?) Ahmad Shawqi
      وَإِنَّمَا ٱلْأُمَمُ ٱلْأَخْلَاقُ مَا بَقِيَتْ / فَإِنْ هُمُ ذَهَبَتْ أَخْلَاقُهُمْ ذَهَبُوا
      waʔinnamā l-ʔumamu l-ʔaḵlāqu mā baqiyat / faʔin humu ḏahabat ʔaḵlāquhum ḏahabū
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  5. (modern) anger, irritation
  6. (modern) bravery
  7. (modern) religion
  8. (modern) humanity
  9. (modern) refinement
Declension
Descendants
  • Persian: خلق (xolq)
  • Turkish: kılık
  • Bashkir: холоҡ (xoloq)

(via plural form أَخْلَاق (ʔaḵlāq))

Noun

خِلَق • (ḵilaq) pl

  1. plural of خِلْقَة (ḵilqa)

Hijazi Arabic

Root
خ ل ق
1 term

Etymology 1

From Arabic خَلَقَ (ḵalaqa).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /xa.laɡ/

Verb

خَلَق • (ḵalag) I (non-past يِخْلق (yiḵlug, yiḵlig))

  1. to create, to make
  2. to shape, to form
Conjugation
    Conjugation of خلق (ḵalag)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m خلقت (ḵalagt) خلقت (ḵalagt) خلق (ḵalag) خلقنا (ḵalagna) خلقتوا (ḵalagtu) خلقوا (ḵalagu)
f خلقتي (ḵalagti) خلقت (ḵalagat)
non-past m أخلق (ʔaḵlug) تخلق (tiḵlug) يخلق (yiḵlug) نخلق (niḵlug) تخلقوا (tiḵlugu) يخلقوا (yiḵlugu)
f تخلقي (tiḵlugi) تخلق (tiḵlug)
imperative m اخلق (aḵlug) اخلقوا (aḵlugu)
f اخلقي (aḵlugi)
    Conjugation of خلق (ḵalag)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m خلقت (ḵalagt) خلقت (ḵalagt) خلق (ḵalag) خلقنا (ḵalagna) خلقتوا (ḵalagtu) خلقوا (ḵalagu)
f خلقتي (ḵalagti) خلقت (ḵalagat)
non-past m أخلق (ʔaḵlig) تخلق (tiḵlig) يخلق (yiḵlig) نخلق (niḵlig) تخلقوا (tiḵligu) يخلقوا (yiḵligu)
f تخلقي (tiḵligi) تخلق (tiḵlig)
imperative m اخلق (aḵlig) اخلقوا (aḵligu)
f اخلقي (aḵligi)

Etymology 2

From Arabic خُلُق (ḵuluq).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /xilɡ/, /xulɡ/

Noun

خِلق or خُلق • (ḵilg or ḵulg) m (plural أخلاق (ʔaḵlag))

  1. manner
  2. morals, morality
  3. endurance

Etymology 3

From Arabic خَلْق (ḵalq).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /xalɡ/

Noun

خَلْق • (ḵalg) m

  1. (collective) creation (all which exists), creatures
  2. (collective) people

Persian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic خَلْق (ḵalq).

Pronunciation

 

Readings
Classical reading? xalq
Dari reading? xalq
Iranian reading? xalğ
Tajik reading? xalq

Noun

Dari خلق
Iranian Persian
Tajik халқ

خلق • (xalq) (plural خلق‌ها (xalq-hâ))

  1. creation
    Synonym: آفرینش (âfarineš)
  2. pleb, plebeian
  3. (archaic) people, folk
    Synonym: مردم (mardom)
    جمهوری خلق چینjomhuri-ye xalq-e činthe People's Republic of China
Derived terms
  • خلق شدن (xalq šodan)
  • خلق کردن (xalq kardan)
Descendants

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic خُلْق (ḵulq).

Pronunciation

 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [xʊl.(ʊ)q]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [xʊl.(ʊ)q]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [xul.(u)q]

Readings
Classical reading? xul(u)q
Dari reading? xul(u)q
Iranian reading? xol(o)ğ
Tajik reading? xul(u)q

Noun

خلق • (xolq) (plural اخلاق (axlâq))

  1. temperament, disposition, character, personality
    خلق آرامxolq-e ârâmcalm personality
  2. humour, mood
    خلق تنگxolq-e tangunpleasant mood
  3. behaviour
Usage notes
  • Note that the plural اخلاق (axlâq) is usually used with the meaning of “morality; ethics” rather than as the plural of خلق (xolq).
Derived terms
  • بدخلق (bad-xolq)
  • خلق و خو (xolq-o-xu)
  • خلقی (xolqi)
  • خوش‌خلق (xoš-xolq)
  • کج‌خلق (kaj-xolq)
  • کج‌خلقی (kaj-xolqi)

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Arabic خَلَق (ḵalaq).

Pronunciation

 

Readings
Classical reading? xalaq
Dari reading? xalaq
Iranian reading? xalağ
Tajik reading? xalaq

Noun

خلق • (xalaq) (plural خلق‌ها (xalaq-hâ) or خلقان (xolqân))

  1. rags

Adjective

خلق • (xalaq)

  1. ragged; shabby

Sindhi

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic خَلْق (ḵalq).

Noun

خَلْقَ • (xalqu) m (Devanagari ख़ल्क़ु)

  1. people

Further reading

  • Parmanand, Mewaram (1910) “خَلْقَ”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, Hyderabad, Sindh: The Sind Juvenile Co-operative Society
  • خلق”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, University of Chicago: Center for Language Engineering, Pakistan, 1866-1938

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian خلق (xalq), from Arabic خَلْق (ḵalq).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /xəlq/

Noun

خلق • (xalq) m (Hindi spelling ख़लक़)

  1. mankind, humanity
  2. (religion) creation, world

Declension

Declension of خلق
singular plural
direct خلق (xalq) خلق (xalq)
oblique خلق (xalq) خلقوں (xalqō̃)
vocative خلق (xalq) خلقو (xalqō)

Ushojo

Etymology

From Persian خلق (xalq).

Noun

خلق (xalq)

  1. people
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