جناح

Arabic

Etymology 1

Uncertain; no Semitic cognates exist which are not suspected to be borrowed from Arabic. Likely related to Egyptian ḏnḥ, either through inheritance or through borrowing; also compare جَنَحَ (janaḥa, “to lean”) (both referring to the concept of side).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /d͡ʒa.naːħ/
  • Audio(file)

Noun

جَنَاح • (janāḥ) m (plural أَجْنِحَة (ʔajniḥa) or أَجْنُح (ʔajnuḥ))

  1. wing (organ of flight)
  2. wing (part of army)
  3. wing (part of building)
  4. shoulder, arm, hand
  5. side, edge
  6. fin
  7. projecting roof
  8. protection, refuge
Declension
Declension of noun جَنَاح (janāḥ)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal جَنَاح
janāḥ		 الْجَنَاح
al-janāḥ		 جَنَاح
janāḥ
Nominative جَنَاحٌ
janāḥun		 الْجَنَاحُ
al-janāḥu		 جَنَاحُ
janāḥu
Accusative جَنَاحًا
janāḥan		 الْجَنَاحَ
al-janāḥa		 جَنَاحَ
janāḥa
Genitive جَنَاحٍ
janāḥin		 الْجَنَاحِ
al-janāḥi		 جَنَاحِ
janāḥi
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal جَنَاحَيْن
janāḥayn		 الْجَنَاحَيْن
al-janāḥayn		 جَنَاحَيْ
janāḥay
Nominative جَنَاحَانِ
janāḥāni		 الْجَنَاحَانِ
al-janāḥāni		 جَنَاحَا
janāḥā
Accusative جَنَاحَيْنِ
janāḥayni		 الْجَنَاحَيْنِ
al-janāḥayni		 جَنَاحَيْ
janāḥay
Genitive جَنَاحَيْنِ
janāḥayni		 الْجَنَاحَيْنِ
al-janāḥayni		 جَنَاحَيْ
janāḥay
Plural broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)‎; basic broken plural triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal أَجْنِحَة‎; أَجْنُح
ʔajniḥa‎; ʔajnuḥ		 الْأَجْنِحَة‎; الْأَجْنُح
al-ʔajniḥa‎; al-ʔajnuḥ		 أَجْنِحَة‎; أَجْنُح
ʔajniḥat‎; ʔajnuḥ
Nominative أَجْنِحَةٌ‎; أَجْنُحٌ
ʔajniḥatun‎; ʔajnuḥun		 الْأَجْنِحَةُ‎; الْأَجْنُحُ
al-ʔajniḥatu‎; al-ʔajnuḥu		 أَجْنِحَةُ‎; أَجْنُحُ
ʔajniḥatu‎; ʔajnuḥu
Accusative أَجْنِحَةً‎; أَجْنُحًا
ʔajniḥatan‎; ʔajnuḥan		 الْأَجْنِحَةَ‎; الْأَجْنُحَ
al-ʔajniḥata‎; al-ʔajnuḥa		 أَجْنِحَةَ‎; أَجْنُحَ
ʔajniḥata‎; ʔajnuḥa
Genitive أَجْنِحَةٍ‎; أَجْنُحٍ
ʔajniḥatin‎; ʔajnuḥin		 الْأَجْنِحَةِ‎; الْأَجْنُحِ
al-ʔajniḥati‎; al-ʔajnuḥi		 أَجْنِحَةِ‎; أَجْنُحِ
ʔajniḥati‎; ʔajnuḥi

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian; compare modern Persian گناه (gonâh).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /d͡ʒu.naːħ/

Noun

جُنَاح • (junāḥ) m

  1. (singular only) blame, misdemeanor, transgression, wrong
    Synonym: ذَنْب (ḏanb)
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 4:102:
      وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِن كَانَ بِكُمْ أَذًى مِّن مَّطَرٍ أَوْ كُنْتُم مَّرْضَىٰ أَن تَضَعُوا أَسْلِحَتَكُمْ وَخُذُوا حِذْرَكُمْ
      walā junāḥa ʕalaykum ʔin kāna bikum ʔaḏan mmin mmaṭarin ʔaw kuntum mmarḍā ʔan taḍaʕū ʔasliḥatakum waḵuḏū ḥiḏrakum
      There is no blame upon you if ye are vexed by rain or ye are sick that ye lay down your arms, but exercise caution.
Declension
Declension of noun جُنَاح (junāḥ)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal جُنَاح
junāḥ		 الْجُنَاح
al-junāḥ		 جُنَاح
junāḥ
Nominative جُنَاحٌ
junāḥun		 الْجُنَاحُ
al-junāḥu		 جُنَاحُ
junāḥu
Accusative جُنَاحًا
junāḥan		 الْجُنَاحَ
al-junāḥa		 جُنَاحَ
junāḥa
Genitive جُنَاحٍ
junāḥin		 الْجُنَاحِ
al-junāḥi		 جُنَاحِ
junāḥi

References
  • Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “جناح”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎ (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 223
  • Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 102–103
  • Lane, Edward William (1863) “جناح”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 469
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “جناح”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen, page 247
  • Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “جناح”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎ (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 166
  • Militarev, Alexander, Kogan, Leonid (2000–2005) Semitic Etymological Dictionary, Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, pages 80–81

Egyptian Arabic

Noun

جناح • (genāḥ) m

  1. wing

Moroccan Arabic
Root
ج ن ح
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic جَنَاح (janāḥ).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ʒnaːħ/
  • Audio(file)

Noun

جناح • (jnāḥ) m (plural جوانح (jwānaḥ) or جناحات (jnāḥāt) or أجنحة (ʔajniḥa))

  1. wing
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