שכר

See also: שׂכר

Hebrew

Etymology 1
Root
שׂ־כ־ר (ś-k-r)

Verb

שָׂכַר • (sakhár) third-singular masculine past (pa'al construction, passive counterpart נִשְׂכַּר)

  1. to hire, rent
Conjugation
Conjugation of שָׂכַר (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs) 
non-finite forms
  • to-infinitive: לשכור / לִשְׂכֹּר
  • action noun: שְׂכִירָה
  • passive participle: שָׂכוּר
finite forms singular plural
m. f. m. f.
past first שָׂכַרְתִּישָׂכַרְנוּ
second שָׂכַרְתָּשָׂכַרְתְּשְׂכַרְתֶּם1שְׂכַרְתֶּן1
third שָׂכַרשָׂכְרָהשָׂכְרוּ
present שׂוֹכֵרשׂוֹכֶרֶתשׂוֹכְרִיםשׂוֹכְרוֹת
future first אשכור / אֶשְׂכֹּרנשכור / נִשְׂכֹּר
second תשכור / תִּשְׂכֹּרתִּשְׂכְּרִיתִּשְׂכְּרוּתשכורנה / תִּשְׂכֹּרְנָה2
third ישכור / יִשְׂכֹּרתשכור / תִּשְׂכֹּריִשְׂכְּרוּתשכורנה / תִּשְׂכֹּרְנָה2
imperative שכור / שְׂכֹרשִׂכְרִישִׂכְרוּשכורנה / שְׂכֹרְנָה2
notes
  1. Pronounced שָׂכַרְתֶּם and שָׂכַרְתֶּן in informal Modern Hebrew.
  2. Rare in Modern Hebrew.

Noun

שָׂכָר • (sakhár) m (no plural forms, singular construct שְׂכַר־) [pattern: קָטָל]

  1. wage, salary
    שכר המינימום ― skhar-hamínimum ― the minimum wage
  2. payment
  3. reward
  4. fee
    שכר דירה ― skhar-dirá ― rent (literally apartment fee)
    שכר לימוד ― skhar-limúd ― tuition (literally study fee)
Synonyms
Descendants
  • → Yiddish: שׂכר (skhar)

Noun

שֶׂכֶר • (sékher) m [pattern: קֶטֶל]

  1. charter plane, boat, bus, etc.

Further reading

Etymology 2
Root
שׁ־כ־ר (š-k-r)

From Proto-Semitic *šikar- (“alcoholic drink”). Compare Arabic سَكِرَ (sakira, “to get drunk, to become intoxicated”) and سَكَر (sakar, “intoxicant, wine”).

Verb

שָׁכַר • (shakhár) third-singular masculine past (pa'al construction)

  1. to be or become drunk

Noun

שֵׁכָר • (shekhár) m

  1. liquor, intoxicating drink
    • 13th century, anonymous poet, quoted in Yehuda Alharizi, Sefer Tahkemoni:
      לו שר בנו־עמרם פני דודי מתאדמים העת שתות שכר,
      ויפי קצותיו והוד יופיו, לא חק בתורתו: ואת זכר.
      Had the son of Amram seen the face of my beloved reddened from the foolishness of liquor,
      and the beauty of his extremities and the majesty of his beauty, he would not have written in his Torah: "and with a man [do not lie]".
Descendants

Verb

שִׁכֵּר • (shikér) third-singular masculine past (pi'el construction)

  1. defective spelling of שיכר

References

References
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