паля
Bulgarian
Etymology
Inherited from Old Church Slavonic палити (paliti), from Proto-Slavic *paliti.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈpalʲɐ]
Verb
па́ля • (pálja) first-singular present indicative, impf (transitive)
- to ignite, to light up
- to set fire to
- to fire up, to start (a vehicle engine)
- to start a fire in (a woodstove, a fireplace, etc.)
- (of the Sun) to blanket in intense heat; to scorch
- (reflexive with се, intransitive) to get very excited, enthusiastic or fired up
- (reflexive with се, intransitive) to be quick-tempered, to become easily annoyed or angered
Conjugation
Conjugation of па́ля (conjugation 2.1, imperfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | па́лещ pálešt |
па́лил, пали́л1 pálil, palíl1 |
па́лел pálel |
па́лен pálen |
па́лейки pálejki | |
| definite subject form | па́лещият páleštijat |
па́лилият, пали́лият1 pálilijat, palílijat1 |
— | па́леният pálenijat | |||
| definite object form | па́лещия páleštija |
па́лилия, пали́лия1 pálilija, palílija1 |
— | па́ления pálenija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | па́леща pálešta |
па́лила, пали́ла1 pálila, palíla1 |
па́лела pálela |
па́лена pálena | ||
| definite | па́лещата páleštata |
па́лилата, пали́лата1 pálilata, palílata1 |
— | па́лената pálenata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | па́лещо pálešto |
па́лило, пали́ло1 pálilo, palílo1 |
па́лело pálelo |
па́лено páleno |
па́лене pálene | |
| definite | па́лещото páleštoto |
па́лилото, пали́лото1 páliloto, palíloto1 |
— | па́леното pálenoto |
па́ленето páleneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | па́лещи pálešti |
па́лили, пали́ли1 pálili, palíli1 |
па́лели páleli |
па́лени páleni |
па́ления, па́ленета pálenija, páleneta | |
| definite | па́лещите páleštite |
па́лилите, пали́лите1 pálilite, palílite1 |
— | па́лените pálenite |
па́ленията, па́ленетата pálenijata, pálenetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | па́ля pálja |
па́лиш páliš |
па́ли páli |
па́лим pálim |
па́лите pálite |
па́лят páljat | |
| imperfect | па́лех páleh |
па́леше páleše |
па́леше páleše |
па́лехме pálehme |
па́лехте pálehte |
па́леха páleha | |
| aorist | па́лих, пали́х1 pálih, palíh1 |
па́ли, пали́1 páli, palí1 |
па́ли, пали́1 páli, palí1 |
па́лихме, пали́хме1 pálihme, palíhme1 |
па́лихте, пали́хте1 pálihte, palíhte1 |
па́лиха, пали́ха1 páliha, palíha1 | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and па́лил/пали́л1 m, па́лила/пали́ла1 f, па́лило/пали́ло1 n, or па́лили/пали́ли1 pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and па́лил/пали́л1 m, па́лила/пали́ла1 f, па́лило/пали́ло1 n, or па́лили/пали́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and па́лил/пали́л1 m, па́лила/пали́ла1 f, па́лило/пали́ло1 n, or па́лили/пали́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and па́лил/пали́л1 m, па́лила/пали́ла1 f, па́лило/пали́ло1 n, or па́лили/пали́ли1 pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and па́лел m, па́лела f, па́лело n, or па́лели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and па́лил/пали́л1 m, па́лила/пали́ла1 f, па́лило/пали́ло1 n, or па́лили/пали́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and па́лил/пали́л1 m, па́лила/пали́ла1 f, па́лило/пали́ло1 n, or па́лили/пали́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and па́лил/пали́л1 m, па́лила/пали́ла1 f, па́лило/пали́ло1 n, or па́лили/пали́ли1 pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and па́лел m, па́лела f, па́лело n, or па́лели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and па́лил/пали́л1 m, па́лила/пали́ла1 f, па́лило/пали́ло1 n, or па́лили/пали́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and па́лил/пали́л1 m, па́лила/пали́ла1 f, па́лило/пали́ло1 n, or па́лили/пали́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and па́лел m, па́лела f, па́лело n, or па́лели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and па́лил/пали́л1 m, па́лила/пали́ла1 f, па́лило/пали́ло1 n, or па́лили/пали́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and па́лил/пали́л1 m, па́лила/пали́ла1 f, па́лило/пали́ло1 n, or па́лили/пали́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and па́лил/пали́л1 m, па́лила/пали́ла1 f, па́лило/пали́ло1 n, or па́лили/пали́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and па́лил/пали́л1 m, па́лила/пали́ла1 f, па́лило/пали́ло1 n, or па́лили/пали́ли1 pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| пали́ palí |
пале́те paléte |
||||||
1Dialectally marked.
Derived terms
- запа́ля pf (zapálja), запа́лвам impf (zapálvam)
- напа̀ля pf (napàlja), напа̀лвам impf (napàlvam)
- опа̀ля pf (opàlja), опа̀лвам impf (opàlvam)
- подпа́ля pf (podpálja), подпа́лвам impf (podpálvam)
- припа̀ля pf (pripàlja), припа̀лвам impf (pripàlvam)
- разпа́ля pf (razpálja), разпа́лвам impf (razpálvam)
- запа́лка (zapálka)
- запали́тел (zapalítel)
References
- “паля”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “паля”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “паля”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 29
Russian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [pɐˈlʲa]
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