кукуруза
Russian
Etymology
Uncertain. Cognate with Ukrainian кукуру́(д)з (kukurú(d)z), кукуру́(д)за (kukurú(d)za), Bulgarian кукуру́з (kukurúz), кукума́ра (kukumára), кукура́тка (kukurátka), Serbo-Croatian куку̀руз, Slovene kukuruza, kukorica, koruza, Polish kukurudza, kukurydza. German Kukuruz was borrowed from Serbo-Croatian, but the West Slavic terms have in turn been considered borrowings from German.
The suggestion of a Slavic origin and a relationship to Serbo-Croatian kukurek (“hellebore”) and Bulgarian кукуря́к (kukurják, “hellebore”), Slovene kukurjav, kukurjast (“curled”) does not explain the word-form difficulties (-z-). Compare Bulgarian момору́з (momorúz), моморо́з (momoróz, “corn, maize”), мамалига (mamaliga, “hominy”).
If the source were Romanian cucuruz, it should have originally had the meaning of "pine cones".
A noteworthy hypothesis for the source of "kukuru" is a word used for calling poultry for their feeding (with corn/maize).
The explanation that the term is a loanword from Ottoman Turkish قوقوروز (kokoroz), ultimately from Albanian *kokërrëz, from kokërr,[1] remains frequently cited, but derivation from Turkic kokoros (“corn, maize”) was refuted by F. Miklošič and F. E. Korsch.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [kʊkʊˈruzə]
Audio (file)
Noun
кукуру́за • (kukurúza) f inan (genitive кукуру́зы, nominative plural кукуру́зы, genitive plural кукуру́з, relational adjective кукуру́зный)
- corn, maize, Indian corn
- Synonym: маи́с (maís)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | кукуру́за kukurúza |
кукуру́зы kukurúzy |
| genitive | кукуру́зы kukurúzy |
кукуру́з kukurúz |
| dative | кукуру́зе kukurúze |
кукуру́зам kukurúzam |
| accusative | кукуру́зу kukurúzu |
кукуру́зы kukurúzy |
| instrumental | кукуру́зой, кукуру́зою kukurúzoj, kukurúzoju |
кукуру́зами kukurúzami |
| prepositional | кукуру́зе kukurúze |
кукуру́зах kukurúzax |
Derived terms
- зубови́дная кукуру́за (zubovídnaja kukurúza, “dent corn”)
- кремни́стая кукуру́за (kremnístaja kukurúza, “flint corn”)
- ло́пающаяся кукуру́за (lópajuščajasja kukurúza, “popcorn corn”)
- пле́нчатая кукуру́за (plénčataja kukurúza, “pod corn”)
- са́харная кукуру́за (sáxarnaja kukurúza, “sweet corn”)
Related terms
- кукуру́зник (kukurúznik)
Descendants
- → Armenian: կուկուռուզ (kukuṙuz)
- → Kildin Sami: кукуруза (kukuruza)
See also
- никстамализа́ция f (nikstamalizácija)
References
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кукуруза”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Serbo-Croatian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kukurǔːza/
- Hyphenation: ку‧ку‧ру‧за