кому

See also: Komu, komu, and kömu

Bulgarian

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [koˈmu]
  • Audio(file)

Pronoun

кому́ • (komú) sg (interrogative)

  1. (dated) dative singular of кой (koj); to whom, for whom, whom (used as the indirect object of a verb.)
    Кому да пиша?
    Komu da piša?
    To whom should I write?
    Кому дадоха наградата?
    Komu dadoha nagradata?
    To whom was the award given?
    Кому е нужно?
    Komu e nužno?
    Who needs it?
    Няма кому да се оплача.
    Njama komu da se oplača.
    There is no one to complain to.

Usage notes

The dative form is used only when кой (koj) is on its own (not in front of a noun) and refers to a person. It is considered dated and is often replaced by на (na) + the prepositional form:

На кого да пиша? На кого дадоха наградата?
Na kogo da piša? Na kogo dadoha nagradata?
To whom should I write? To whom did they give the award?

In informal Bulgarian the nominative form is often used instead of the prepositional:

На кой да пиша? На кой дадоха наградата.
Na koj da piša? Na koj dadoha nagradata.
To who should I write? To who did they give the award?

This usage is not standard.

Bulgarian interrogative pronouns
Personal Qualitative Possessive Quantitative
MasculineNominative кой (koj) какъ́в (kakǎ́v)
ко́лкав (kólkav)		 чий (čij) ко́лко (kólko)
колци́на (kolcína)
Accusative кого́ (kogó)
Dative кому́ (komú)
Prepositional с кого́ (s kogó)
Feminine— коя́ (kojá) каква́ (kakvá)
ко́лкава (kólkava)		 чия́ (čijá)
Neuter— кое́ (koé)
какво́ (kakvó)
що (što)		 какво́ (kakvó)
ко́лкаво (kólkavo)		 чие́ (čié)
Plural— кои́ (koí) какви́ (kakví)
ко́лкави (kólkavi)		 чии́ (čií)

Macedonian

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈkɔmu]

Pronoun

кому • (komu)

  1. Indirect object form of кој (koj).

Russian

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [kɐˈmu]

Pronoun

кому́ • (komú)

  1. dative of кто (kto)

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈkomʊ]

Noun

ко́му • (kómu) m inan

  1. dative singular of ко́м (kóm)

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈkomʊ]

Noun

ко́му • (kómu) f inan

  1. accusative singular of ко́ма (kóma)

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kǒmu/
  • Hyphenation: ко‧му

Pronoun

ко̀му (Latin spelling kòmu)

  1. to whom (dative)

Declension
Declension of кому
singular/plural
nominative тко̏, ко̏
genitive ко̀га, ко̏г
dative ко̀му, ко̀ме, kȍm
accusative ко̀га, ко̏г
vocative —
locative ко̀м, ко̀ме
instrumental ки̑м, ки́ме

Ukrainian

Pronunciation
  • кому́: IPA(key): [koˈmu]
  • ко́му: IPA(key): [ˈkɔmʊ]

Pronoun

кому́ • (komú)

  1. dative of хто (xto)

Pronoun

ко́му • (kómu)

  1. locative of хто (xto)
    Alternative form: кім (kim)

Noun

ко́му • (kómu) f inan

  1. accusative singular of ко́ма (kóma)
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