χάραξ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

The formation is similar to κάμαξ (kámax) and πίναξ (pínax). The connection with Lithuanian žerti (“to scrape”) does not explain the Greek formation. In view of the suffix, the word is most probably Pre-Greek. See more details at χαράσσω.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kʰá.raks/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkʰa.raks/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈxa.raks/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈxa.raks/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈxa.raks/

Noun

χάραξ • (khárax) m or f (genitive χάρᾰκος); third declension

pointed stake
pole, vine prop
Synonym: κάμαξ (kámax)
pale used in fortifying the entrenchments of a camp
palisade
Synonym: σκόλοψ (skólops)
cutting, slip
a kind of bream of the genus Sargus
name of a bandage

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ, ἡ χᾰ́ρᾰξ; τοῦ, τῆς χᾰ́ρᾰκος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ, ἡ χᾰ́ρᾰξ ho, hē khárax	τὼ χᾰ́ρᾰκε tṑ khárake	οἱ, αἱ χᾰ́ρᾰκες hoi, hai khárakes
Genitive	τοῦ, τῆς χᾰ́ρᾰκος toû, tês khárakos	τοῖν χᾰρᾰ́κοιν toîn kharákoin	τῶν χᾰρᾰ́κων tôn kharákōn
Dative	τῷ, τῇ χᾰ́ρᾰκῐ tôi, têi kháraki	τοῖν χᾰρᾰ́κοιν toîn kharákoin	τοῖς, ταῖς χᾰ́ρᾰξῐ / χᾰ́ρᾰξῐν toîs, taîs kháraxi(n)
Accusative	τὸν, τὴν χᾰ́ρᾰκᾰ tòn, tḕn kháraka	τὼ χᾰ́ρᾰκε tṑ khárake	τοὺς, τᾱ̀ς χᾰ́ρᾰκᾰς toùs, tā̀s khárakas
Vocative	χᾰ́ρᾰξ khárax	χᾰ́ρᾰκε khárake	χᾰ́ρᾰκες khárakes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

χαρακίας (kharakías)
χαρακίζω (kharakízō)
χαρακίτης (kharakítēs)
χαρακοβολία (kharakobolía)
χαρακόω (kharakóō)
χαράσσω (kharássō)
ὠμοχάραξ (ōmokhárax)

Descendants

Greek: χάρακας (chárakas)
→? Vulgar Latin: *characulum, *caraculum
- Catalan: carall
- Galician: carallo
- Portuguese: caralho
- Spanish: carajo