συμφυρμός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Hellenistic Koine noun, from verb σῠμφῡράω (sumphūráō, “I knead together, mess up”) from σῠ́ν (sún, “with”) +‎ φῡράω (phūráō, “or φύρω I mix”).

Pronunciation
 

Noun

σῠμφῡρμός • (sumphūrmós) m (genitive σῠμφῡρμοῦ); second declension

  1. (Koine) a mix up

Inflection
Second declension of ὁ σῠμφῡρμός; τοῦ σῠμφῡρμοῦ (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ σῠμφῡρμός
ho sumphūrmós		 τὼ σῠμφῡρμώ
tṑ sumphūrmṓ		 οἱ σῠμφῡρμοί
hoi sumphūrmoí
Genitive τοῦ σῠμφῡρμοῦ
toû sumphūrmoû		 τοῖν σῠμφῡρμοῖν
toîn sumphūrmoîn		 τῶν σῠμφῡρμῶν
tôn sumphūrmôn
Dative τῷ σῠμφῡρμῷ
tôi sumphūrmôi		 τοῖν σῠμφῡρμοῖν
toîn sumphūrmoîn		 τοῖς σῠμφῡρμοῖς
toîs sumphūrmoîs
Accusative τὸν σῠμφῡρμόν
tòn sumphūrmón		 τὼ σῠμφῡρμώ
tṑ sumphūrmṓ		 τοὺς σῠμφῡρμούς
toùs sumphūrmoús
Vocative σῠμφῡρμέ
sumphūrmé		 σῠμφῡρμώ
sumphūrmṓ		 σῠμφῡρμοί
sumphūrmoí
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.
  • σῠ́μφῡρσις f (súmphūrsis, “confusion”)
  • σῠμφύρω (sumphúrō, “Ι knead together, I mess up”)
  • φύρδην (phúrdēn, “mixed, in confusion”)
  • φύρσις f (phúrsis)
  • φύρω (phúrō, “I mix”)

Descendants
  • Greek: συμφυρμός m (symfyrmós)

Greek

Etymology

From Hellenistic Koine Greek συμφῡρμός (sumphūrmós) from verb συμφύρω (sumphúrō). For sense in linguistics, calque of French contamination.[1]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /siɱfirˈmos/
  • Hyphenation: συμ‧φυρ‧μός

Noun

συμφυρμός • (symfyrmós) m (plural συμφυρμοί)

  1. the result of mixing up of dissimilar elements
  2. (figuratively, derogatory) coexistance of people of different and disreputable background
  3. (linguistics, phonology, phonetics) blend of two cognate elements (sounds, morphemes, phrases) which violates the rules of word formation. Associated with analogy and paretymology.[2] e.g.
    • διάβολος (/ˈðʝavolos/ “devil”) & σατανάς (/sataˈnas/ “satan”) → διάτανος (/ˈðʝatanos/ “devil”)
    • γέροντας (/ˈʝerondas/ “old man”) & γεράματα (/ʝeˈramata/ “old years, old age”) → γεροντάματα (/ʝeronˈdamata/ “old age”)

Declension
declension of συμφυρμός
case     \     number singular plural
nominative συμφυρμός • συμφυρμοί •
genitive συμφυρμού • συμφυρμών •
accusative συμφυρμό • συμφυρμούς •
vocative συμφυρμέ • συμφυρμοί •

Synonyms

(mix up, with negative connotation):

  • σύμφυρση f (sýmfyrsi)
  • σύμφυρμα n (sýmfyrma)
  • ανακάτωμα n (anakátoma)
  • φύρδην μίγδην (fýrdin mígdin) (archaic)

(mixture, with positive connotation):

(people of disreputable background):

  • κάθε καρυδιάς καρύδι (káthe karydiás karýdi) (idiomatic expression)
  • η σάρα, η μάρα και το κακό συναπάντημα (i sára, i mára kai to kakó synapántima)

(linguistics):

  • σύμμειγμα n (sýmmeigma)
  • σύμμειξη f (sýmmeixi)
  • συμφύρω (symfýro, “I mix up”)
  • φυραίνω (fyraíno, “I reduce volume or weight”) & related words

References
  1. συμφυρμός - Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], 1998, by the "Triantafyllidis" Foundation.
  2. συμφυρμός - Babiniotis, Georgios (2002) Λεξικό της νέας ελληνικής γλώσσας: […] [Dictionary of Modern Greek (language)] (in Greek), 2nd edition, Athens: Kentro Lexikologias [Lexicology Centre], 1st edition 1998, →ISBN.
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