σπύραθος
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- πύραθος (púrathos), σπύρας (spúras), σφυράδες (sphurádes)
Etymology
The formation is similar to ὄνθος (ónthos), σπέλεθος (spélethos) and ψάμαθος (psámathos). Similar words are found in Lithuanian spìros (“droppings of goats”) and Icelandic sparð (“droppings”). The alternations could very well point to a Pre-Greek origin.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /spý.ra.tʰos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈspy.ra.tʰos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈspy.ra.θos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈspy.ra.θos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈspi.ra.θos/
Noun
σπύραθος • (spúrathos) m or f (genitive σπυράθου); second declension
Inflection
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ, ἡ σπύραθος ho, hē spúrathos |
τὼ σπυράθω tṑ spuráthō |
οἱ, αἱ σπύραθοι hoi, hai spúrathoi | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ, τῆς σπυράθου toû, tês spuráthou |
τοῖν σπυράθοιν toîn spuráthoin |
τῶν σπυράθων tôn spuráthōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ, τῇ σπυράθῳ tôi, têi spuráthōi |
τοῖν σπυράθοιν toîn spuráthoin |
τοῖς, ταῖς σπυράθοις toîs, taîs spuráthois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν, τὴν σπύραθον tòn, tḕn spúrathon |
τὼ σπυράθω tṑ spuráthō |
τοὺς, τᾱ̀ς σπυράθους toùs, tā̀s spuráthous | ||||||||||
Vocative | σπύραθε spúrathe |
σπυράθω spuráthō |
σπύραθοι spúrathoi | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- σπυράθιον (spuráthion)
- σπυραθώδης (spurathṓdēs)
Further reading
- “σπύραθος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- σπύραθος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
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