πήγνυμι

• πηγνύω (pēgnúō)
• πήσσω (pḗssō)

From Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ-. Cognates include Latin pangō and Old English fōn (English fang).

πήγνῡμῐ • (pḗgnūmi)

1. to secure, stick in, fix on
   • 440 BCE – 390 BCE, Andocides, Against Alcibiades 30
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.119
   • 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Works and Days 430
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.460
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 13.570
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 11.129
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 12.15
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 23.276
   • 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Nemean Ode 7.26
   • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 871c
   • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 821
   • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 420
   1. to fixate upon
      • 129 CE – 216 CE, Galen, Collected Works 16.610
      • 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, Prorrhetics 1.46
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 3.217
      • 331 CE – 363 CE, Julian, Orations 3.123b
      • Philostr.Jun., Im. 11
      • 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 530d
      • 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 605a
2. to fasten, put together, unite, build
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.83
   • 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Works and Days 455
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.664
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 5.163
   • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedrus 246c
3. to make solid, stiffen, freeze, curdle
   • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 67
   • 472 BCE, Aeschylus, The Persians 496
   • 408 BCE – 334 BCE, Antiphanes Comicus, Collected Works 166.7
   • 446 BCE – 386 BCE, Aristophanes, The Acharnians 139
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Generation of Animals 752a.35
   • 350 BCE, Aristotle, Parts of Animals 676a.14
   • 175 CE – 235 CE, Claudius Aelianus, On the Nature of Animals 2.11
   • 40 CE – 90 CE, Dioscorides, Materia medica 4.95
   • 416 BCE, Euripides, Herakles 1395
   • 129 CE – 216 CE, Galen, Thrasybulus 7
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.28
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 6.119
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 22.453
   • 125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, A True Story 1.24
   • 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Theocritus, Collected Works 23.31
   • 371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, On the Causes of Plants 5.12.10
   • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.23
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 4.5.3
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 7.4.3
4. (figuratively) to fix, establish, determine
   • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 1198
   • Carc. 6.2
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Aristogiton 1 90
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, First Philippic 8
   • 407 BCE, Euripides, Iphigenia in Aulis 395
   • 300 CE – 400 CE, Himerius, Orations 16.6
   • 396 BCE – 323 BCE, Lycurgus of Athens, Collected Works 73
   • 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Nemean Ode 3.62
   • 90 CE – 168 CE, Ptolemy, Tetrabiblos 103
   • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.92

• “πήγνυμι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πήγνυμι”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “πήγνυμι”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• πήγνυμι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• πήγνυμι in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• G4078 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN