λιώνω

Greek

Alternative forms

Etymology
  • Common spelling λιώνω (lióno), according to Evangelos Petrounias[1]: From Byzantine Greek λιώνω (liṓnō) from Ancient Greek λειῶ (leiô), from λεῖος (leîos, “smooth”), with simplification of spelling.
  • Spelling λειώνω (leióno) As in Kriaras[2] and according to Babiniotis.[3] (without simplification).

λιώνω (lióno) is the most common spelling, although λειώνω (leióno) strictly speaking is more etymologically accurate.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈʎo.no/
  • Hyphenation: λιώ‧νω

Verb

λιώνω • (lióno) (past έλιωσα, passive —, ppp λιωμένος)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) to melt (make something liquid by heat)
    Φάε το παγωτό σου πριν λιώσει.
    Fáe to pagotó sou prin liósei.
    Eat your ice cream before it melts.
    Λιώστε το βούτυρο και προσθέστε το στην ζάχαρη.
    Lióste to voútyro kai prosthéste to stin záchari.
    Melt(plural V-form) the butter and add it to the sugar.
  2. (transitive, intransitive) to dissolve (make something blend into liquid)
    Το χάπι έλιωσε στο ποτήρι.
    To chápi éliose sto potíri.
    The pill dissolved in the glass.
    Πρέπει να λιώσεις την ασπιρίνη με νερό πρώτα.
    Prépei na lióseis tin aspiríni me neró próta.
    You have to dissolve the aspirin in water first.
  3. (transitive) to crush, mash (reduce to a soft pulpy state by beating or pressure)
    Μηχανή για να λιώσεις σταφύλια.
    Michaní gia na lióseis stafýlia.
    A machine that crushes grapes.
  4. (transitive, figuratively) to crush, destroy (completely eradicate someone/something)
    Αν δεν παραιτηθείς, θα σε λιώσω.
    An den paraititheís, tha se lióso.
    If you don't give up, I will destroy you.
  5. (transitive, intransitive, figuratively) to wear out (break down or destroy by overuse)
    Έχω λιώσει πολλά παπούτσια.
    Écho liósei pollá papoútsia.
    I've worn out many shoes.
    Το λάστιχο του αυτοκινήτου έλιωσε.
    To lásticho tou aftokinítou éliose.
    The car's tyre wore out.
  6. (intransitive, figuratively) to waste away (become very thin and weak through illness etc)
    Η καημένη η γιαγιά έλιωσε από την αρρώστια.
    I kaïméni i giagiá éliose apó tin arróstia.
    Poor Granny has been wasting away from the illness.
  7. (intransitive, figuratively) to be exhausted (through overwork, exertion etc)
    Λιώνω από την δουλειά τις περασμένες εβδομάδες.
    Lióno apó tin douleiá tis perasménes evdomádes.
    I'm drowning in work these past few weeks.
  8. (intransitive, figuratively) to burn up (usually through love or infatuation)
    Λιώνω γι’ αυτόν αλλά αυτός ούτε με ξέρει.
    Lióno gi’ aftón allá aftós oúte me xérei.
    I'm burning up over him but he doesn't even known me.
  9. (intransitive, figuratively, of a corpse) to decompose, rot
    Όταν λιώσει το σώμα, τότε θα κάνουμε την εκταφή των οστών.
    Ótan liósei to sóma, tóte tha kánoume tin ektafí ton ostón.
    When the body decomposes, then we'll exhume the bones.

Conjugation
λιώνω   (active forms only plus passive perfect participle)
Active voice ➤
Indicative mood ➤ Imperfective aspect ➤ Perfective aspect ➤
Non-past tenses ➤ Present ➤ Dependent ➤
1 sg λιώνω λιώσω
2 sg λιώνεις λιώσεις
3 sg λιώνει λιώσει
1 pl λιώνουμε, [‑ομε] λιώσουμε, [‑ομε]
2 pl λιώνετε λιώσετε
3 pl λιώνουν(ε) λιώσουν(ε)
Past tenses ➤ Imperfect ➤ Simple past ➤
1 sg έλιωνα έλιωσα
2 sg έλιωνες έλιωσες
3 sg έλιωνε έλιωσε
1 pl λιώναμε λιώσαμε
2 pl λιώνατε λιώσατε
3 pl έλιωναν, λιώναν(ε) έλιωσαν, λιώσαν(ε)
Future tenses ➤ Continuous ➤ Simple ➤
1 sg θα λιώνω ➤ θα λιώσω ➤
2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl θα λιώνεις, … θα λιώσεις, …
Perfect aspect ➤
Present perfect ➤   έχω, έχεις, … λιώσει
  έχω, έχεις, … λιωμένο, ‑η, ‑ο ➤		    είμαι, είσαι, … λιωμένος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ (also passive voice)
Past perfect ➤   είχα, είχες, … λιώσει
  είχα, είχες, … λιωμένο, ‑η, ‑ο		    ήμουν, ήσουν, … λιωμένος, ‑η, ‑ο
Future perfect ➤   θα έχω, θα έχεις, … λιώσει
  θα έχω, θα έχεις, … λιωμένο, ‑η, ‑ο		    θα είμαι, θα είσαι, … λιωμένος, ‑η, ‑ο
Subjunctive mood ➤ Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας).
Imperative mood ➤ Imperfective aspect Perfective aspect
2 sg λιώνε λιώσε
2 pl λιώνετε λιώστε
Other forms
Active present participle ➤   λιώνοντας ➤
Active perfect participle ➤   έχοντας λιώσει ➤
Passive perfect participle ➤ λιωμένος, -η, -ο ➤
Nonfinite form ➤   λιώσει
Notes  
 
Appendix:Greek verbs		  • (…) optional or informal.   […] rare.   {…} learned, archaic.
 • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency.
 • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive.

Synonyms

Antonyms
  • (antonym(s) of “melt”): παγώνω (pagóno, “congeal, freeze”), πήζω (pízo, “congeal, curdle”)
  • (antonym(s) of “lose weight”): παχαίνω (pachaíno, “gain weight, fatten”), γεμίζω (gemízo, “fill in, fatten”)

References
  1. λιώνω - Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], 1998, by the "Triantafyllidis" Foundation. (Etymologies at DSMG were written by Evangelos Petrounias.)
  2. λειώνω - Kriaras, Emmanuel (1969-) Επιτομή του Λεξικού της Μεσαιωνικής Ελληνικής Δημώδους Γραμματείας (Epitomí tou Lexikoú tis Mesaionikís Ellinikís Dimódous Grammateías) [Concise Dictionary of the Kriaras' Dictionary of Medieval Vulgar Greek Literature (1100–1669) Vols. 1–14. Vols 15- under I. Kazazes.)] (in Greek), Thessaloniki: Centre for the Greek language Online edition (abbreviations) Printed edition 2022: 22 vols.) (The lemma λιώνω redirects to λειώνω.)
  3. λιώνω - Babiniotis, Georgios (2002) Λεξικό της νέας ελληνικής γλώσσας: […] [Dictionary of Modern Greek (language)] (in Greek), 2nd edition, Athens: Kentro Lexikologias [Lexicology Centre], 1st edition 1998, →ISBN.
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