κῶλον

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

κόλων (kólōn)

Etymology

Pre-Greek origin,[1] or from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kel-.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kɔ̂ː.lon/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈko.lon/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈko.lon/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈko.lon/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈko.lon/

Noun

κῶλον • (kôlon) n (genitive κώλου); second declension

part of something, member
part of the body: limb, leg, arm
Synonyms: μέλος (mélos), ῥέθος (rhéthos)
part of a building: side, front
part of a sentence: clause
(in the plural) carcass, carcasses
- 2nd century BC, Septuagint, I Samuel (called Βασιλειῶν Α´ in Septuagint) 17:46 (David speaking to Goliath)
  καὶ ἀποκλείσει σε Κύριος σήμερον εἰς τὴν χεῖρά μου, καὶ ἀποκτενῶ σε καὶ ἀφελῶ τὴν κεφαλήν σου ἀπὸ σοῦ καὶ δώσω τὰ κῶλά σου καὶ τὰ κῶλα παρεμβολῆς ἀλλοφύλων ἐν ταύτῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τοῖς πετεινοῖς τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ τοῖς θηρίοις τῆς γῆς, καὶ γνώσεται πᾶσα ἡ γῆ, ὅτι ἔστι Θεὸς ἐν Ἰσραήλ·
  kaì apokleísei se Kúrios sḗmeron eis tḕn kheîrá mou, kaì apoktenô se kaì aphelô tḕn kephalḗn sou apò soû kaì dṓsō tà kôlá sou kaì tà kôla parembolês allophúlōn en taútēi têi hēmérāi toîs peteinoîs toû ouranoû kaì toîs thēríois tês gês, kaì gnṓsetai pâsa hē gê, hóti ésti Theòs en Israḗl;
  And the Lord shall deliver thee today into my hand and I shall kill thee and take thy head off thee and give thy carcass and the carcasses of the camp of the Philistines this day to the fowls of the heaven and to the beasts of the earth and all the earth shall know that there a God is in Israel.

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ κῶλον; τοῦ κώλου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ κῶλον tò kôlon	τὼ κώλω tṑ kṓlō	τᾰ̀ κῶλᾰ tà kôla
Genitive	τοῦ κώλου toû kṓlou	τοῖν κώλοιν toîn kṓloin	τῶν κώλων tôn kṓlōn
Dative	τῷ κώλῳ tôi kṓlōi	τοῖν κώλοιν toîn kṓloin	τοῖς κώλοις toîs kṓlois
Accusative	τὸ κῶλον tò kôlon	τὼ κώλω tṑ kṓlō	τᾰ̀ κῶλᾰ tà kôla
Vocative	κῶλον kôlon	κώλω kṓlō	κῶλᾰ kôla
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

ἀκροκώλῐον (akrokṓlion)
κωλῐκός (kōlikós)

Descendants

→ Latin: cōlon (see there for further descendants)
Greek: κώλος (kólos)

References

Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

“κῶλον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“κῶλον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
κῶλον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
G2966 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
κῶλον in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- leg idem, page 484.
- limb idem, page 492.
- member idem, page 524.

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[1] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN