κῆπος

See also: κήπος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

κᾶπος (kâpos) — Doric

Etymology

Except for the ending, this word could be identical to Proto-Germanic *hōbō (“piece of land”), from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂po- (“land, garden”). Albanian kopsht (“garden”) also belongs here. Further connections with κάπετος (kápetos, “ditch, trench”), Latin capiō (“to seize, capture”) and Old High German habaro (“oats”) are either uncertain or wrong.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kɛ̂ː.pos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈke̝.pos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈci.pos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈci.pos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈci.pos/

Noun

κῆπος • (kêpos) m (genitive κήπου); second declension

garden, orchard or plantation
enclosure for the Olympic games
sort of fashion of cropping the hair
female genitals
- Diogenes Laertius, Lives of Eminent Philosophers, 2,116, R.D. Hicks, 1925.
  καὶ μέντοι τοὺς Ἀρεοπαγίτας εὐθέως αὐτὸν κελεῦσαι τῆς πόλεως ἐξελθεῖν. ὅτε καὶ Θεόδωρον τὸν ἐπίκλην θεὸν ἐπισκώπτοντα εἰπεῖν, “πόθεν δὲ τοῦτ’ ᾔδει Στίλπων; ἢ ἀνασύρας αὐτῆς τὸν κῆπον ἐθεάσατο;”
  kaì méntoi toùs Areopagítas euthéōs autòn keleûsai tês póleōs exeltheîn. hóte kaì Theódōron tòn epíklēn theòn episkṓptonta eipeîn, “póthen dè toût’ ḗidei Stílpōn? ḕ anasúras autês tòn kêpon etheásato?”
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Synonyms: δορίαλλος (doríallos), σᾰ́ρᾰβος (sárabos)

Declension

Second declension of ὁ κῆπος; τοῦ κήπου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κῆπος ho kêpos	τὼ κήπω tṑ kḗpō	οἱ κῆποι hoi kêpoi
Genitive	τοῦ κήπου toû kḗpou	τοῖν κήποιν toîn kḗpoin	τῶν κήπων tôn kḗpōn
Dative	τῷ κήπῳ tôi kḗpōi	τοῖν κήποιν toîn kḗpoin	τοῖς κήποις toîs kḗpois
Accusative	τὸν κῆπον tòn kêpon	τὼ κήπω tṑ kḗpō	τοὺς κήπους toùs kḗpous
Vocative	κῆπε kêpe	κήπω kḗpō	κῆποι kêpoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

ἀγρόκηπος (agrókēpos)
κηπάδιον (kēpádion)
κηπαῖος (kēpaîos)
κηπεία (kēpeía)
κήπειος (kḗpeios)
κήπευμα (kḗpeuma)
κηπεύς (kēpeús)
κηπεύσιμος (kēpeúsimos)
κηπευτής (kēpeutḗs)
κηπευτός (kēpeutós)
κηπεύω (kēpeúō)
κηπίδες (kēpídes)
κηπίδιον (kēpídion)
κηπίον (kēpíon)
κηποκόμας (kēpokómas)
κηποκόμος (kēpokómos)
κηπολάχανον (kēpolákhanon)
κηπολόγος (kēpológos)
κηποπαράδεισος (kēpoparádeisos)
κηποποιΐα (kēpopoiḯa)
κηποτάφιον (kēpotáphion)
κηποτύραννος (kēpotúrannos)
κηπουργός (kēpourgós)
περίκηπος (períkēpos)

Descendants

Greek: κήπος (kípos)

Further reading

“κῆπος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“κῆπος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
κῆπος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- garden idem, page 354.
- orchard idem, page 578.
- park idem, page 593.
- pleasure ground idem, page 620.
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 688

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