καρκίνος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Uncertain. Could be from a Proto-Indo-European *karkros, with cognates including Latin cancer, and possibly Sanskrit कर्कट (karkaṭa), although relationship with the latter is less certain. There are elements which point to a non-Indo-European origin, perhaps Pre-Greek.

Pronunciation
 

Noun

καρκῐ́νος • (karkínos) m (genitive καρκῐ́νου); second declension

  1. crab
  2. Cancer, the zodiac sign
  3. sore, ulcer, cancer
  4. items which resemble a crab's pincers
    1. pair of pincers, a type of torture instrument
    2. temple bones
    3. type of shoe
    4. type of bandage
    5. pair of compasses
    6. distillery

Inflection
Second declension of ὁ καρκῐ́νος; τοῦ καρκῐ́νου (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ καρκῐ́νος
ho karkínos		 τὼ καρκῐ́νω
tṑ karkínō		 οἱ καρκῐ́νᾰ
hoi karkína
Genitive τοῦ καρκῐ́νου
toû karkínou		 τοῖν καρκῐ́νοιν
toîn karkínoin		 τῶν καρκῐ́νων
tôn karkínōn
Dative τῷ καρκῐ́νῳ
tôi karkínōi		 τοῖν καρκῐ́νοιν
toîn karkínoin		 τοῖς καρκῐ́νοις
toîs karkínois
Accusative τὸν καρκῐ́νον
tòn karkínon		 τὼ καρκῐ́νω
tṑ karkínō		 τοὺς καρκῐ́νᾰ
toùs karkína
Vocative καρκῐ́νε
karkíne		 καρκῐ́νω
karkínō		 καρκῐ́νᾰ
karkína
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.
  • Note the irregular plurals

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Old Armenian: կարակին (karakin), կարկին (karkin)

References

Greek

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek καρκίνος (karkínos, “crab”)

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /karˈci.nos/
  • Hyphenation: καρ‧κί‧νος

Noun

καρκίνος • (karkínos) m (plural καρκίνοι)

  1. (medicine) cancer (disease of uncontrolled cellular proliferation)
  2. crab
    Synonyms: κάβουρας m (kávouras), καβούρι n (kavoúri)
  3. (astronomy, astrology) Cancer

Declension
declension of καρκίνος
case     \     number singular plural
nominative καρκίνος • καρκίνοι •
genitive καρκίνου • καρκίνων •
accusative καρκίνο • καρκίνους •
vocative καρκίνε • καρκίνοι •
  • αντικαρκινικός (antikarkinikós, “anticancer”, adjective)
  • καρκινική γραφή f (karkinikí grafí, “palindrome”)
  • καρκινική επιγραφή f (karkinikí epigrafí, “palindrome”)
  • καρκινικός (karkinikós, “cancer”, adjective)
  • καρκινικός στίχος m (karkinikós stíchos, “palindrome”)
  • καρκινοβασία (karkinovasía, “backward movement”)
  • καρκινοβατώ (karkinovató, “to move crabwise”)
  • καρκινογένεση f (karkinogénesi, “carcinogenesis”)
  • καρκινογόνος (karkinogónos, “carcinogenic”, adjective)
  • καρκινοειδή f (karkinoeidí, “crustacean”)
  • καρκινοειδής (karkinoeidís, “crustacean”, adjective)
  • καρκινολογία f (karkinología, “cancer research”)
  • καρκινολόγος m (karkinológos, “cancer specialist”)
  • καρκινοπαθής (karkinopathís, “cancer patient”, adjective)
  • καρκινοφοβία f (karkinofovía, “cancerphobia”)
  • καρκινώδης (karkinódis, “cancerous”, adjective)
  • καρκίνωμα n (karkínoma, “carcinoma, cancerous growth”)
  • καρκινωματώδης (karkinomatódis, “cancerous”, adjective)

Further reading
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