Hawzen massacre (1988)

Hawzen massacre
Part of the Ethiopian Civil War
The marketplace at Hawzen, the area targeted
Location	Hawzen, Socialist Ethiopia
Date	22 June 1988
Target	Tigrayans
Deaths	2,500
Perpetrators	People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia

The Hawzen massacre was a massacre committed by Derg Forces on 22 June 1988. on that day Ethiopian Mig and helicopter gunships bombed the market in Hawzen, Tigray killing 2,500 civilians.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Four ancient stele were toppled in the same bombardment.^[4]

References

↑ "Ethiopia: Reckoning under the Law" (PDF). Human Rights Watch. p. 8.
↑ Human Rights Watch, 24 July 1991: ETHIOPIA - "Mengistu has Decided to Burn Us like Wood" - Bombing of Civilians and Civilian Targets by the Air Force
↑ "A political history of the Tigray People's Liberation Front (1975-1991)" (PDF). Virje Universiteit Amsterdam. Retrieved 17 February 2022.
↑ Philip Briggs, Ethiopia - (Bradt Travel Guide 8th Edition) (Bradt Travel Guide, 2018), pp. 350. ISBN 978-1841629223

Ethiopian Civil War (1974–1991)

Background

Scramble for Africa	Italian colonialism Italo-Ethiopian Wars 1887–89 First 1935 crisis Second Italian East Africa WWII Ethiopian–Eritrean Federation Eritrean loss of autonomy
Opposition to Haile Selassie	Ethiopian Empire Mekwanint Gugsa Wale's rebellion Woyane rebellion Wollo–Tigray famine 1960 coup attempt
Other factors	Cold War 1973 oil crisis Ethnic discrimination Land reform Neftenya Pan-Somali nationalism

War

Prelude	Eritrean War of Independence (1961–1991) Ethiopian Revolution Timeline 1974 coup d'état
Major events	Villagization Massacre of the Sixty Death of Haile Selassie Red Terror 1983–1985 famine Peasant revolution Hawzen massacre Fall of the People's Democratic Republic
Related conflicts	Eritrean Civil Wars (1972–74; 1980–81) Oromo conflict (1973–present) Ethiopian–Somali conflict Ogaden War (1977–78) 1982 border war Somali Rebellion (1978–1991) Somaliland War of Independence (1981–1991)

Impact

Casualties	Casualties of the Ethiopian Civil War Massacres in the Eritrean War of Independence
Aftermath	Somali Civil War Djiboutian Civil War Eritrean independence Eritrean–Ethiopian War Trials of the Derg members
Memorials	"Red Terror" Martyrs' Memorial Museum Downfall of the Derg (holiday)

Groups

Governments	The Derg People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
Ethiopian rebels	EPRDF Ethiopian People's Democratic Movement Tigray People's Liberation Front Afar Liberation Front All-Ethiopia Socialist Movement Ethiopian Democratic Union Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Army Ogaden National Liberation Front Oromo Liberation Front Western Somali Liberation Front
Eritrean rebels	Eritrean Liberation Front (1961–1981) Eritrean People's Liberation Front (1970–1991)

Cold War in Africa

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See also

References