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The Executive Yuan (Chinese: 行政院; pinyin: Xíngzhèng Yuàn) is the executive branch of the government of the Republic of China (Taiwan). Its leader is premier, who is appointed by the president of the Republic of China and serves as the head of government.^[3]

Under the amended constitution, the head of the Executive Yuan is the Premier who is positioned as the head of government and has the power to appoint members to serve in the cabinet, while the ROC President is the head of state under the semi-presidential system, who can appoint the Premier and nominate the members of the cabinet. The Premier may be removed by a vote of no-confidence by a majority of the Legislative Yuan, after which the President may either remove the Premier or dissolve the Legislative Yuan and initiate a new election for legislators.^[3]

Organization and structure

Executive Yuan

The Executive Yuan is headed by the Premier (or President of the Executive Yuan) and includes its Vice Premier, twelve cabinet ministers, various chairpersons of commissions, and five to nine ministers without portfolio. The Vice Premier, ministers and chairpersons are appointed by the President of the Republic of China on the recommendation of the Premier.^[4]

Its formation, as one of five branches ("Yuans") of the government, stemmed from the Three Principles of the People, the constitutional theory of Sun Yat-sen, but was adjusted constitutionally over the years to adapt to the situation in the ROC by changes in the laws and the Constitution of the Republic of China.

Name		Leader
English Name	Chinese
Premier	院長		Chen Chien-jen
Vice Premier	副院長		Cheng Wen-tsan
Secretary-General	秘書長		Li Meng-yen

Ministries

Name		Minister
English Name	Chinese
Interior	內政部		Lin Yu-chang
Foreign Affairs	外交部		Joseph Wu
National Defense	國防部		Chiu Kuo-cheng
Finance	財政部		Chuang Tsui-yun
Education	教育部		Pan Wen-chung
Justice	法務部		Tsai Ching-hsiang
Economic Affairs	經濟部		Wang Mei-hua
Transportation and Communications	交通部		Wang Kwo-tsai
Labor	勞動部		Hsu Ming-chun
Health and Welfare	衛生福利部		Hsueh Jui-yuan
Culture	文化部		Shih Che (史哲)
Digital Affairs	數位發展部		Audrey Tang
Agriculture	農業部		Chen Junne-jih (Acting)
Environment	環境部		Shieu Fuh-Sheng

Councils and commissions

Empowered by various laws or the Constitution, under the Executive Yuan Council several individual boards are formed to enforce different executive functions of the government. Unless regulated otherwise, the chairs are appointed by and answer to the Premier. The members of the boards are usually (a) governmental officials for the purpose of interdepartmental coordination and cooperation; or (b) creditable professionals for their reputation and independence.

  To be merged into other organs

Name		Chair
English Name	Chinese
National Development Council	國家發展委員會		Kung Ming-hsin
Mainland Affairs Council	大陸委員會		Chiu Tai-san
Financial Supervisory Commission	金融監督管理委員會		Huang Tien-mu
Ocean Affairs Council	海洋委員會		Kuan Bi-ling
Overseas Community Affairs Council	僑務委員會		Hsu Chia-ching (徐佳青)
Veterans Affairs Council	國軍退除役官兵輔導委員會		Feng Shih-kuan
Council of Indigenous Peoples	原住民族委員會		Icyang Parod
Hakka Affairs Council	客家委員會		Yiong Con-ziin
National Science and Technology Council	國家科學及技術委員會		Wu Tsung-tsong
Public Construction Commission	公共工程委員會		Wu Tze-cheng
Atomic Energy Council	原子能委員會		Chang Ching-wen

Independent commissions

There are independent executive commissions under the Executive Yuan Council. Members of these commissions have to be confirmed by the Legislative Yuan.

Name		Chair
English Name	Chinese
Central Election Commission	中央選舉委員會		Lee Chin-yung
Fair Trade Commission	公平交易委員會		Lee May (李鎂)
National Communications Commission	國家通訊傳播委員會		Chen Yaw-shyang (陳耀祥)

Other organs

Name		Leader
English Name	Chinese
Central Bank	中央銀行		Yang Chin-long
National Palace Museum	國立故宮博物院		Hsiao Tsung-huang
Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics	主計總處		Chu Tzer-ming
Directorate-General of Personnel Administration	人事行政總處		Su Chun-jung

Organizations no longer under Executive Yuan

Former site of Executive Yuan in Presidential Palace Complex (1928–1937)

Former site of Executive Yuan in Gulou District, Nanjing (1946–1949)

Duencies may be dissolved or merged with other agencies. Based on Executive Yuan website, the following bodies are no longer agencies under the Executive Yuan:^[5]

• Consumer Protection Commission, restructured as the Consumer Protection Committee on 1 January 2012
• Aviation Safety Council, became an independent agency on 20 May 2012, later renamed Taiwan Transportation Safety Board^[6]
• National Disaster Prevention and Protection Commission: a task-force-grouped committee authorized by the law of Disaster Prevention and Protection.^[7]

Ministers without portfolio

In the Executive Yuan Council, the current ministers without portfolio are:^[8]

• Chang Ching-sen
• Huang Chih-ta
• John Deng^[9]
• Kung Ming-hsin, also serving as Minister of National Development Council
• Lee Yung-te
• Lin Wan-i
• Lo Ping-cheng (羅秉成), also serving as spokesperson of the Yuan
• Wu Tsung-tsong, also serving as Minister of National Science and Technology Council
• Wu Tze-cheng, also serving as Minister of Public Construction Commission

Executive Yuan Council

The Executive Yuan Council, commonly referred to as "The Cabinet" (內閣), is the chief policymaking organ of the ROC government. It consists of the premier, who presides over its meetings, the vice premier, ministers without portfolio, the heads of the ministries, and the heads of the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission and the Overseas Chinese Affairs Commission. The secretary-general and the deputy secretary-general of the Executive Yuan also attend, as well as heads of other Executive Yuan organizations by invitation, but they have no vote. Article 58 of the Constitution empowers the Executive Yuan Council to evaluate statutory and budgetary bills concerning martial law, amnesty, declarations of war, conclusion of peace or treaties, and other important affairs before submission to the Legislative Yuan.

Relationship with the Legislative Yuan

The Executive Yuan Council must present the Legislators with an annual policy statement and an administrative report. The Legislative Committee may also summon members of the Executive Yuan Council for questioning.

Whenever there is disagreement between the Legislative Council and Executive Yuan Council, the Legislative Committee may pass a resolution asking the Executive Yuan Council to alter the policy proposal in question. The Executive Yuan may, in turn, ask the Legislators to reconsider. Afterwards, if the Legislative Council upholds the original resolution, the premier must abide by the resolution or resign. The Executive Yuan Council may also present an alternative budgetary bill if the one passed by the Legislative Committee is deemed difficult to execute.

Access

The Executive Yuan building is accessible within walking distance east of Taipei Main Station or west of Shandao Temple Station of Taipei Metro.

See also

• Department of State Affairs in the Three Departments and Six Ministries system
• Ming dynasty: Central Secretariat → Grand Secretariat
• Qing dynasty: Grand Secretariat → Grand Council → Cabinet
• Republic of China: State Council (1912–28); Politics of the Republic of China; Government of the Republic of China
• People's Republic of China: Government Administration Council of the Central People's Government (1949–54) → State Council of the People's Republic of China (1954–present); Ministries of the PRC
• Government-General of Taiwan (1895–1945)

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Executive Yuan.

• Official website