The Devanagari numerals are the symbols used to write numbers in the Devanagari script, the predominant for northern Indian languages. They are used to write decimal numbers, instead of the Western Arabic numerals.

Table

Modern
Devanagari		Western
Arabic		 Words for the cardinal number
Sanskrit
(wordstem)		 Hindi Marathi Nepali
०0śūnya (शून्य)शून्य (śūny)शून्य (śūnya)शून्य (śūnya)
१1eka (एकः)एक (ek)एक (ek)एक (ek)
२2dvi (द्वि)दो (do)दोन (don)दुइ (dui)
३3tri (त्रिणि)तीन (tīn)तीन (tīn)तिन (tīn)
४4catur (चत्वारी)चार (cār)चार (cār)चारि (cāri)
५5pañca (पञ्च)पाँच (pāñc)पाच (pāch)पाँच (pānch)
६6ṣaṭ (षट्)छह (chah)सहा (sahā)छअ (chaā)
७7sapta (सप्त)सात (sāt)सात (sāt)सात (sāt)
८8aṣṭa (अष्ट)आठ (āṭh)आठ (āṭh)आठ (āṭha)
९9nava (नव)नौ (nau)नऊ (naū)नअ (nā)

The word śūnya for zero was calqued into Arabic as صفر sifr, meaning 'nothing', which became the term "zero" in many European languages via Medieval Latin zephirum.[1]

Variants

A comparison of Sanskrit and Eastern Arabic numerals

Devanagari digits shapes may vary depending on geographical area or epoch. Some of the variants are also seen in older Sanskrit literature.[2][3]

१
Common
Nepali		 1
५
"Bombay" Variant
"Calcutta" Variant		 5
८
"Bombay" Variant
"Calcutta" Variant		 8
९
Common
Nepali Variant		 9

See also

References

Notes
  1. ↑ "zero - Origin and meaning of zero by Online Etymology Dictionary". www.etymonline.com.
  2. ↑ Devanagari for TEX version 2.17, page 22
  3. ↑ "Alternate digits in Devanagari". Scriptsource.org. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
Sources
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