tuhma

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *tuhma, possibly from Proto-Finno-Permic *tušma. Alternatively borrowed from Proto-Germanic *dusmaz or from Proto-Baltic [Term?].

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈtuhmɑ/, [ˈt̪uxmɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -uhmɑ
  • Syllabification(key): tuh‧ma

Adjective

tuhma (comparative tuhmempi, superlative tuhmin)

  1. naughty, mischievous, (of children) badly-behaved
    Antonym: kiltti
  2. naughty, dirty, raunchy, indecent, cheeky, risqué
    tuhma vitsi ― dirty joke

Declension
Inflection of tuhma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative tuhma tuhmat
genitive tuhman tuhmien
partitive tuhmaa tuhmia
illative tuhmaan tuhmiin
singular plural
nominative tuhma tuhmat
accusative nom. tuhma tuhmat
gen. tuhman
genitive tuhman tuhmien
tuhmainrare
partitive tuhmaa tuhmia
inessive tuhmassa tuhmissa
elative tuhmasta tuhmista
illative tuhmaan tuhmiin
adessive tuhmalla tuhmilla
ablative tuhmalta tuhmilta
allative tuhmalle tuhmille
essive tuhmana tuhmina
translative tuhmaksi tuhmiksi
abessive tuhmatta tuhmitta
instructive — tuhmin
comitative — tuhmine
Possessive forms of tuhma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives.
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative tuhmani tuhmani
accusative nom. tuhmani tuhmani
gen. tuhmani
genitive tuhmani tuhmieni
tuhmainirare
partitive tuhmaani tuhmiani
inessive tuhmassani tuhmissani
elative tuhmastani tuhmistani
illative tuhmaani tuhmiini
adessive tuhmallani tuhmillani
ablative tuhmaltani tuhmiltani
allative tuhmalleni tuhmilleni
essive tuhmanani tuhminani
translative tuhmakseni tuhmikseni
abessive tuhmattani tuhmittani
instructive — —
comitative — tuhmineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative tuhmasi tuhmasi
accusative nom. tuhmasi tuhmasi
gen. tuhmasi
genitive tuhmasi tuhmiesi
tuhmaisirare
partitive tuhmaasi tuhmiasi
inessive tuhmassasi tuhmissasi
elative tuhmastasi tuhmistasi
illative tuhmaasi tuhmiisi
adessive tuhmallasi tuhmillasi
ablative tuhmaltasi tuhmiltasi
allative tuhmallesi tuhmillesi
essive tuhmanasi tuhminasi
translative tuhmaksesi tuhmiksesi
abessive tuhmattasi tuhmittasi
instructive — —
comitative — tuhminesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative tuhmamme tuhmamme
accusative nom. tuhmamme tuhmamme
gen. tuhmamme
genitive tuhmamme tuhmiemme
tuhmaimmerare
partitive tuhmaamme tuhmiamme
inessive tuhmassamme tuhmissamme
elative tuhmastamme tuhmistamme
illative tuhmaamme tuhmiimme
adessive tuhmallamme tuhmillamme
ablative tuhmaltamme tuhmiltamme
allative tuhmallemme tuhmillemme
essive tuhmanamme tuhminamme
translative tuhmaksemme tuhmiksemme
abessive tuhmattamme tuhmittamme
instructive — —
comitative — tuhminemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative tuhmanne tuhmanne
accusative nom. tuhmanne tuhmanne
gen. tuhmanne
genitive tuhmanne tuhmienne
tuhmainnerare
partitive tuhmaanne tuhmianne
inessive tuhmassanne tuhmissanne
elative tuhmastanne tuhmistanne
illative tuhmaanne tuhmiinne
adessive tuhmallanne tuhmillanne
ablative tuhmaltanne tuhmiltanne
allative tuhmallenne tuhmillenne
essive tuhmananne tuhminanne
translative tuhmaksenne tuhmiksenne
abessive tuhmattanne tuhmittanne
instructive — —
comitative — tuhminenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative tuhmansa tuhmansa
accusative nom. tuhmansa tuhmansa
gen. tuhmansa
genitive tuhmansa tuhmiensa
tuhmainsarare
partitive tuhmaansa tuhmiaan
tuhmiansa
inessive tuhmassaan
tuhmassansa		 tuhmissaan
tuhmissansa
elative tuhmastaan
tuhmastansa		 tuhmistaan
tuhmistansa
illative tuhmaansa tuhmiinsa
adessive tuhmallaan
tuhmallansa		 tuhmillaan
tuhmillansa
ablative tuhmaltaan
tuhmaltansa		 tuhmiltaan
tuhmiltansa
allative tuhmalleen
tuhmallensa		 tuhmilleen
tuhmillensa
essive tuhmanaan
tuhmanansa		 tuhminaan
tuhminansa
translative tuhmakseen
tuhmaksensa		 tuhmikseen
tuhmiksensa
abessive tuhmattaan
tuhmattansa		 tuhmittaan
tuhmittansa
instructive — —
comitative — tuhmineen
tuhminensa

Derived terms
compounds

Further reading

Anagrams

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *tuhma. Cognates include Finnish tuhma and Estonian tuhm.

Pronunciation
  • (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈtuhmɑ/, [ˈtuhm]
  • (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈtuhmɑ/, [ˈtuhmɑ]
  • Rhymes: -uhm, -uhmɑ
  • Hyphenation: tuh‧ma

Adjective

tuhma (comparative tuhmemp)

  1. dumb, stupid
    tuhma niku pässi ― dumb as a ram

Declension
Declension of tuhma (type 3/koira, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative tuhma tuhmat
genitive tuhman tuhmiin
partitive tuhmaa tuhmia
illative tuhmaa tuhmii
inessive tuhmaas tuhmiis
elative tuhmast tuhmist
allative tuhmalle tuhmille
adessive tuhmaal tuhmiil
ablative tuhmalt tuhmilt
translative tuhmaks tuhmiks
essive tuhmanna, tuhmaan tuhminna, tuhmiin
exessive1) tuhmant tuhmint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Synonyms

Derived terms

References
  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 605
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