toilen
Middle English
Etymology
Most likely from Anglo-Norman toilier, but possibly from Middle Dutch tuylen. Compare tilyen.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtui̯lən/, /ˈtɔi̯lən/
Verb
toilen
- To fight, war, attack; to participate in a conflict.
- To enter into a legal case; to debate or promote a view.
- To toil, exert oneself; to perform agricultural work.
- To drag, draw; to forcibly move towards oneself.
- (cooking) To combine the components of a meal.
- (rare) To promote anguish or distraughtness; to taunt or bully.
Conjugation
Conjugation of toilen (weak in -ed)
| infinitive | (to) toilen, toile | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | past tense | ||
| 1st-person singular | toile | toiled | |
| 2nd-person singular | toilest | toiledest | |
| 3rd-person singular | toileth | toiled | |
| subjunctive singular | toile | ||
| imperative singular | — | ||
| plural1 | toilen, toile | toileden, toilede | |
| imperative plural | toileth, toile | — | |
| participles | toilynge, toilende | toiled, ytoiled | |
1Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
References
- “toilen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-05-02.
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