tarbh

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish tarb,[1] from Proto-Celtic *tarwos (“bull”) (compare Welsh tarw, Cornish tarow, Breton tarv, Gaulish taruos), from Proto-Indo-European *táwros (“bull”) (compare Latin taurus).

Pronunciation

Noun

tarbh m (genitive singular tairbh, nominative plural tairbh)

  1. bull (adult male bovine)
  2. bull (adult male of other large mammal species)
    tarbh róin ― bull seal

Declension
Declension of tarbh

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative tarbh tairbh
Vocative a thairbh a tharbha
Genitive tairbh tarbh
Dative tarbh tairbh

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an tarbh na tairbh
Genitive an tairbh na dtarbh
Dative leis an tarbh

don tarbh

 leis na tairbh

Derived terms
  • Tarbh m (“Taurus”)
  • tarbh sliasta (“thick of thigh, buttock”)
  • tarbh tána m (“leader of herd; ringleader”)
  • tarbh- (“bull-; bull-like, massive, powerful”)
  • tarbh-bhrocaire m (“bull-terrier”)
  • tarbhadóir m (“toreador, bullfighter”)
  • tarbhán m (“bull-calf; young bull”)
  • tarbhchomhrac m (“bullfight; bullfighting”)
  • tarbhchomhraiceoir m (“toreador, bullfighter”)
  • tarbhdha (“bull-like”, adjective)
  • tarbhghadhar m (“bull-dog”)
  • tarbhghríosú m (“bull-baiting”)

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
tarbh tharbh dtarbh
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  1. G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “tarb”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 186, page 93
  3. Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 286, page 101

Further reading
  • Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “tarbh”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
  • Entries containing “tarbh” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
  • Entries containing “tarbh” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish tarb, from Proto-Celtic *tarwos (“bull”) (compare Welsh tarw, Cornish tarow, Breton tarv, Gaulish taruos), from Proto-Indo-European *táwros (“bull”) (compare Latin taurus).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [t̪ʰaɾav]

Noun

tarbh m (genitive singular tairbh, plural tairbh)

  1. bull

Derived terms
  • An Tarbh (“Taurus”)
  • tarbh-allaidh (“buffalo”)
  • tarbh-boidhre (“monster, demon”)
  • tarbh-chù (“bulldog”)
  • tarbh-coille (“dark cloud which when seen on New Year's Day portends a stormy season”)
  • tarbh-dallaig (“blue shark”)
  • tarbh-mhadadh (“bulldog”)
  • tarbh-nathrach (“dragonfly; moth”)
  • tarbh-oighre (“bull supposed to serve cows grazing near to lochs in which they are supposed to live”)
  • tarbh-réidh (“farm-bull”)
  • tarbh-ruagadh (“bull-baiting”)
  • tarbh-shìolag (“weever or viperfish”)
  • tarbh-tàna (“parish-, district-, or herd-bull, bull which is the property of a district”)
  • tàrbh-truid (“furious bull”)
  • tarbh-uisge (“water-bull, sea-bull or -cow”)
  • tarbhan (“little bull; young bull”, diminutive)

Mutation
Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical Lenition
tarbhtharbh
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading
  • Edward Dwelly (1911) “tarbh”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “tarb”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
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