sīlma
Livonian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *silmä, from Proto-Uralic *śilmä. Cognates include Finnish silmä, Estonian silm and Hungarian szem.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /siːlmɑ/
Noun
sīlma (plural sīlmad)
- (anatomy) eye
- Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
- glōzizt sīlmad
- glassy eyes
- ku midāgõst um sīlmasõ, siz ta groužõb, vaimi põzāg sizālõs
- when something is in the eye, then it irritates, sharp grit inside [the eye]
- kaddõ siļmšti ~ kaddõ sīlmad jedstõ
- disappear from sight (lit. disappear from eyes)
- ma äb või tǟnda sīlma tutkāmõs kandatõ
- I can't stand him for anything / I hate his guts (lit. I can't stand him in the edge of my eyes ~ as soon as he enters my field of vision, it pisses me off)
- ku lǟb maggõm, siz äb või räukõ, ku tuļļizt kīņḑõld kitābõd siļmi, tīebõd sīlman slikțõ
- when [one] goes to sleep [one] cannot cry, because hot tears burn the eyes, they do harm to the eye
- ta vaņtliz min pǟlõ kõzzizt sīlmadõks
- he looked at me with angry eyes
- sīlmast (~ siļmšti) ulzõ laskõ
- let out of sight (lit. let out of eye ~ eyes)
- tämmõn um nǟr sīlmas
- he has a sty in (his) eye
- tämmõn kazīz nǟr silmõ
- he had a sty grow inside of (his) eye
- ma vaņtliz nōvõn siļmiz
- I was looking death in the eyes
- siļmõz vaņțlõ
- to look in the eye
- siļmi pilktõ (~ piltõ)
- to blink eyes
- siļmšt [siļmšti?] sōņi vȭlgidi
- neck deep in debt (lit. up to the eyes in debt)
- sīlmadõn lǟb pōmi pūol pǟlõ
- eyes roll back (lit. the left side goes over the eyes)
- min um jelāmõst tīedõ ja īd sīlmaks vakțõmõst tǟnda
- I have work to do and to look after him with one eye
- glōzizt sīlmad
- Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
- (knitting) stitch (a loop of yarn)
- Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
- sukā sīlma
- stitch of a (knit) sock
- sukā sīlma
- Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
- mesh (the space between the threads of a (fishing) net)
- Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
- võrgõ sīlma
- net mesh (lit. "an eye of a net")
- võrgõ sīlma
- Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
- (of a needle or some type of a hole in other tools) eye
- Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
- kirrõ sīlma
- the hole of an ax handle (lit. "ax eye")
- kirrõ sīlma
- Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
Usage notes
Term has variation in its locative forms. Alternative sg. illative form siļmõz, sg. inessive sīlmasõ, pl. illative siļmiz, see quotations.
Declension
Declension of sīlma (34)
singular (ikšlug) | plural (pǟgiņlug) | |
---|---|---|
nominative (nominatīv) | sīlma | sīlmad |
genitive (genitīv) | sīlma | sīlmad |
partitive (partitīv) | silmõ | siļmi |
dative (datīv) | sīlman | sīlmadõn |
instrumental (instrumentāl) | sīlmaks | sīlmadõks |
illative (illatīv) | silmõ | siļmži |
inessive (inesīv) | sīlmas | siļmši |
elative (elatīv) | sīlmast | siļmšti |
References
- “silm”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
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